Restless Legs Syndrome
Idiopathic Iron Deficiency Parkinson's Disease Urge to Move the Legs Unpleasant Sensations in Legs Worsens with Inactivity Relieved by Movement Iron Supplementation Self-care Gabapentin Pramipexole Myasthenia Gravis
Antibodies to Acetylcholine Receptor Ptosis Diplopia Weakness with Muscle Use Respiratory Death Thymus Associated Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors Plasmapheresis Thymectomy Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
Progressive Muscle Weakness Systemic Muscle Wasting Fasciculations Spasticity Fatigue Riluzole (Rilutek) Stretching Little to No Cognitive Decline Respiratory Support Palliative Care Multiple Sclerosis Interventions
Corticosteroids Interferon Beta Dimethyl Fumarate (Tecfidera) Fingolimod (Gilenya) Mitoxantrone (Novantrone) Natalizumab (Tysabri) Increase Exercise Identify Triggers Multiple Sclerosis Symptoms and Diagnosis
Optic Neuritis Internuclear Ophthalmoplegia Scanning Speech Urinary and Fecal Incontinence Motor Issues (Intention Tremor, Paresis) Numbness and Pain Depression Relapsing Symptoms Gold Standard = Plaques on MRI Increased CSF Immunoglobulins (IgG) Oligoclonal Bands Multiple Sclerosis Features and Mechanisms
More Common in Women Presents in 20's and 30's Northern Europeans Unknown mechanism, genetic factor HLA-DRB1 Autoimmune Demyelination of CNS White Matter of Brain and Spinal Cord T Cell Mediated Inflammation Cataract
Age-related No Pain Cloudy Opaque Lens Decreased Visual Acuity Occurs Gradually Surgery Guillain-Barre Syndrome Assessment
Ascending Paralysis Muscle Weakness Paresthesias (Pins and Needles) Diplopia Difficulty Speaking Dysphagia Labile Blood Pressure Loss of Bowel and Bladder Control Aggressive Airway Management Trigeminal Neuralgia (Tic Douloureux)
Tic Douloureux Cranial Nerve V - Trigeminal Nerve Stabbing Unilateral Facial Pain Facial Spasms Psychological Disturbances More Common in Women > 60 Years Old Diagnosis by Clinical Impression MRI Carbamazepine Surgery As Last Resort Huntington's Disease
Autosomal Dominant Trinucleotide Repeat CAG Repeats Chromosome 4 Anticipation Caudate Decrease of ACh Decrease of GABA Chorea Dementia Depression Glutamate Toxicity Neuronal Death via NMDA Binding Parkinson's Disease Assessment
Decreased Dopamine Older Adult Cogwheel Rigidity Bradykinesia Shuffling Gait Resting Tremor Pill-Rolling Mask-Like Face Cognitive Decline Parkinson's Disease Interventions
Levodopa/Carbidopa (Sinemet) Entacapone (Comtan) Selegiline (Eldepryl) Amantadine (Symmetrel) Bromocriptine (Parlodel) Benztropine (Cogentin) Allow Extra Time Ensure Patient Safety Surgery As Last Resort Levodopa/Carbidopa (Sinemet)
Parkinson's Disease Increase Dopamine in Brain Cross blood-brain barrier Increase bioavailability Arrhythmias Dyskinesia Lyme Disease
Transmitted by Ticks (Vector-borne) Flu-like Symptoms Bulls Eye Rash (Erythema Migrans) Joint Pain and Stiffness Facial Paralysis Antibiotics Prevention Fibromyalgia
Chronic, Widespread Pain Most Common in Adult Females Tender Points Stiffness Paresthesias Insomnia Fatigue Cognitive Impairment Regular Exercise Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs) Serotonin Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs) Gabapentin Gout Disease
Acute Inflammatory Monoarthritis Primarily in Males Precipitation of Monosodium Urate Crystals Underexcretion of Uric Acid Overproduction of Uric Acid Negatively Birefringent, Needle-Shaped Swollen, Red, Painful Joint Asymmetric Joint Distribution Podagra Tophus After Large Meal or Alcohol Osgood-Schlatter Disease (Tibial Tubercle Apophysitis)
Apophysitis of Tibial Tubercle Active, Young Boys Running and Jumping Overuse Injury Recent Growth Spurt Diagnosis Made on History Anterior Knee Pain Enlarged Tibial Tubercle Edema Rest NSAIDs Activity Restriction Self-limiting Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Median Nerve Entrapment Compression at Carpal Tunnel Numbness, Tingling and Pain in Hand Phalen's Maneuver Tinel's Sign Splints Surgery Steroids Cluster Headache
More Common in Men Unilateral Periorbital Headache Ipsilateral Tearing Precipitated by Alcohol Stabbing Pain 15 min - 3 Hours Repetitive Attacks in Clusters High Flow 100% O2 Ergots Sumatriptan Ischemic stroke management
<3 hrs tx. is thrombolytics tPA (tissue plasminogen) > 3hrs tx. anti-platelets Aspirin + dipyridamole Clopidogrel (Plavix)
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