Carlos Shared "20 Gastrointestinal Pharm" - 14 Picmonics
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20 Gastrointestinal Pharm
Acid suppression therapy
H2 Receptor Blocker
"-tidine" Suffix
Indications
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
Peptic Ulcer
Mechanism
Block Histamine H2 Receptors
Parietal Cells
52 secs
Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs)
"-prazole" Suffix
Indications
Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome
Gastritis
Peptic Ulcer
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
Mechanism
Inhibit H+/K+/ATPase
Side Effects
Hip fracture
Pneumonia
2 mins
Antacids
All
Can affect absorption, bioavailability, or urinary excretion of other drugs by altering gastric and urinary pH or by delaying gastric emptying
All can cause hypokalemia
Aluminum hydroxide
SE: Constipation and hypophosphatemia; proximal muscle weakness, osteodystrophy, seizures
MECHANISM: Provide osmotic load to draw water into GI lumen. Lactulose also treats hepatic encephalopathy because gut flora degrade it into metabolites (lactic acid, acetic acid) that promote nitrogen excretion as NH4 +
ADVERSE EFFECTS: Diarrhea, dehydration; may be abused by bulimics
Stimulants
NAME: Senna
MECHANISM: Enteric nerve stimulation leads to colonic contraction
ADVERSE EFFECTS: Diarrhea, melanosis coli
Emollients
NAME: Docusate
MECHANISM: Osmotic draw into lumen causes increased water absorption by stool
ADVERSE EFFECTS: Diarrhea
Aprepitant
MECHANISM: Substance P antagonist. Blocks NK1 receptors in brain.
CLINICAL USE: Antiemetic for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.
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