Petter Shared "Blood and Lymph" - 52 Picmonics
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Blood and Lymph
Babesia
- Characteristics
- Protozoa
- Ixodes Tick
- Same vector as Borrelia
- Northeastern US
- Asplenia
- Signs and Symptoms
- Fever
- Hemolytic Anemia
- Diagnosis
- Blood Smear
- Maltese Cross
- Treatments
- Atovaquone
- Azithromycin
3 mins
Beta Thalassemia
- Mechanism
- Microcytic, Hypochromic Anemia
- Mediterranean Populations
- Decreased Beta-Globin
- Beta-Thalassemia Minor
- Increased HbA2
- No Intervention
- Beta-thalassemia Major
- Blood Transfusions
- Hemochromatosis
- Crew-cut on Skull X-Ray
- Diagnosis
- Electrophoresis
2 mins
Anemia Lab Values
- Iron Deficiency Anemia
- Serum Iron Decreased
- Transferrin Increased
- Ferritin Decreased
- % Transferrin Saturation Decreased
- Pregnancy and OCP Use
- Serum Iron Normal
- Transferrin Increased
- Ferritin Normal
- % Transferrin Saturation Decreased
- Anemia of Chronic Disease
- Serum Iron Decreased
- Transferrin Decreased
- Ferritin Increased
- % Transferrin Saturation Decreased or Normal
- Hemochromatosis
- Serum Iron Increased
- Transferrin Decreased
- Ferritin Increased
- % Transferrin Saturation Increased
3 mins
Hereditary Spherocytosis Disease
- Northern Europeans
- Mechanisms
- Autosomal Dominant
- Spectrin/Ankyrin Deficiency
- Spherocyte Formation
- Hemolytic Anemia
- Symptoms
- Bilirubin Gallstones
- Jaundice
- Splenomegaly
3 mins
Folate Deficiency
- Clinical Features
- Macrocytic Anemia
- Megaloblastic Anemia
- Etiologies
- Malabsorption
- Dietary
- Tea and Toast
- Alcoholics
- Medication-induced
- Methotrexate
- Trimethoprim
- Increased Requirement
- Hemolytic Anemia
- Pregnancy
2 mins
Iron Deficiency Anemia
- Causes
- Malnutrition/Malabsorption
- Hemorrhage
- Signs
- Microcytic, Hypochromic Anemia
- Decreased Heme Synthesis
- Labs
- Decreased Reticulocytes
- Decreased Ferritin
- Increased Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW)
- Poikilocytosis
- Anisocytosis
- Increased Central Pallor
2 mins
Sickle Cell Anemia (Mechanism)
- Intrinsic Normocytic Hemolytic Anemia
- Point Mutation
- Autosomal Recessive
- African American
- Dehydration or Decreased O2
- Newborns Asymptomatic
- Heterozygote Malarial Resistance
2 mins
Coagulation Cascade
- Secondary Hemostasis
- Intrinsic Pathway
- Partial Thromboplastin Time (PTT)
- Heparin
- Extrinsic Pathway
- Prothrombin Time (PT)
- Warfarin
- Common Pathway
- Thrombin
- Convert Fibrinogen to Fibrin
- Stabilizes the Platelet Plug
2 mins
Von Willebrand Disease
- Mixed platelet and coagulation disorder
- Mechanism
- Autosomal Dominant Condition Leading to Reduced vWF
- Defect in platelet plug formation
- Labs
- Increased Bleeding Time
- PTT increased
- Factor VIII decreased
- Normal platelet count
- Treatment
- DDAVP (synthetic vasopressin)
1 min
Heparin Mechanisms
- Mechanism of Action
- Short Half-life
- Antithrombin Activation Cofactor
- Decrease Thrombin, Factor Xa
- Side Effects
- Bleeding
- Heparin Induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT)
- Antidote
- Protamine Sulfate
2 mins
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)
- Pathophysiology
- Bleeding State
- Activation of Clotting Factors
- Deficiency of Clotting Factors
- Causes
- Sepsis
- Trauma
- Obstetric Complications
- Acute Pancreatitis
- Malignancy
- Nephrotic Syndrome
- Transfusion
2 mins
Plasmodium General
- Characteristics
- Protozoa
- Malaria
- Anopheles Mosquito
- Signs and Symptoms
- Cyclic Fever
- Headache
- Anemia
- Splenomegaly
- Diagnosis
- Blood Smear
- Treatment
- Chloroquine
- Mefloquine for Resistant Types
3 mins
Plasmodium Specific
- Malariae
- Fever Every Three Days
- Vivax/Ovale
- Fever Every Two Days
- Duffy Antigen Binding Site
- Duffy often absent in Black Population
- Primaquine treats dormant form in liver
- Falciparum
- Most severe
- Irregular Cycles
- Occludes capillaries in the brain, kidneys, and lungs
4 mins
G6PD Deficiency
- X-linked Recessive
- Hemolytic Anemia
- Inflammatory Response
- Fava Beans
- Sulfonamides
- Primaquine
- Anti TB Drugs
- Heinz Bodies
- Bite Cells
- Prevalent Among African Americans due to Increased Malarial Resistance
2 mins
NRTIs (Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors)
- Indications
- HIV
- Pregnancy and Prophylaxis given ZDV
- Mechanism
- Inhibit Nucleotide Binding to Reverse Transcriptase
- Chain Termination
- Require Phosphorylation
1 min
HAART
- HIV
- Begin at Diagnosis
- 3 Drugs
- 2 NRTIs (Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors)
- And one of the following:
- NNRTI (Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor)
- or Protease Inhibitor
- or Integrase Inhibitor
1 min
NNRTI Drug Names
- Nevirapine (Viramune)
- Rilpivirine (Edurant)
- Delavirdine (DLV, Rescriptor)
- Efavirenz (EFV, Sustiva)
- Etravirine (ETR, Intelence)
54 secs
NNRTIs (Non-nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors)
- Indications
- HIV
- Mechanism
- Do Not Require Intracellular Metabolism
- Inhibits Reverse Transcriptase
- Side Effects
- Rash
- Hepatotoxicity
- Vivid Dreams and CNS Symptoms
- Contraindication
- Pregnancy
2 mins
HIV Prophylaxis Medications
- CD4+ < 200
- TMP-SMX
- Pneumocystis Pneumonia
- CD4+ < 100 Susceptible to Toxoplasma Gondii
- CD4+ < 50
- Mycobacterium Avium and Intracellulare
- Azithromycin If Delayed Therapy
2 mins
Fusion Inhibitors
- Indications
- HIV
- Drugs
- Maraviroc
- Binds CCR-5 on T Cells
- Blocks Interaction with gp120
- Enfuvirtide
- Binds gp41
- Inhibits Viral Entry
- Side Effects
- Skin Reactions at Injection Sites (Enfuvirtide)
2 mins
