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C/o 2018 Neuro Review Drugs
Parkinson's Disease Interventions
Medications
Levodopa/Carbidopa (Sinemet)
Entacapone (Comtan)
Selegiline (Eldepryl)
Amantadine (Symmetrel)
Bromocriptine (Parlodel)
Benztropine (Cogentin)
Considerations
Allow Extra Time
Ensure Patient Safety
Surgery As Last Resort
2 mins
Parkinson's Drugs
Parkinsons Characteristics
Decreased Dopamine
Increased Acetylcholine
Drug Names
BALSA Acronym
Bromocriptine
Amantadine
Levodopa
Selegiline
Antimuscarinics
2 mins
Levodopa/Carbidopa (Sinemet)
Indications
Parkinson's Disease
Mechanism of Action
Increase Dopamine in Brain
Cross blood-brain barrier
Increase bioavailability
Side Effects
Arrhythmias
Dyskinesia
1 min
Anticholinergics
B.O.AT.S Acronym
Benztropine
Parkinson's Disease
Oxybutynin
Decrease bladder spasms
Atropine
Mydriasis and Cycloplegia
Scopolamine
Motion Sickness
1 min
Antipsychotics Overview
Generations
Typical
Atypical
Mechanism
Blocks D2 Receptor
2nd Generation Blocks the 5-HT 2 Receptor
Indications
Psychosis
Delirium
Bipolar Disorder
Tourette’s Syndrome
Side Effects
Hyperprolactinemia
Extrapyramidal Symptoms
Tardive Dyskinesia
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome
4 mins
Low Potency Antipsychotic Drugs
Drugs
Chlorpromazine
Corneal Deposits
Thioridazine
Retinal Deposits
Shared Side Effects
Alpha1 Antagonist Effects
Anticholinergic Effects
Antihistamine Effects
2 mins
Haloperidol (Haldol)
Mechanism
High Potency Antipsychotic
Indications
Migraine
Schizophrenia
Side Effects
Extrapyramidal Symptoms
Weight Gain
QT Prolongation
Restlessness
Considerations
Caution in Seizure Patients
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome
2 mins
Chlorpromazine (Thorazine)
Mechanism
Low Potency Antipsychotic
Indications
Schizophrenia
Hiccups
Side Effects
Sedation
Weight Gain
Orthostatic Hypotension
Anticholinergic Effects
QT Prolongation
Neuroendocrine Effects
Caution in Seizure Patients
Corneal Deposits
2 mins
Atypical Antipsychotics
Indications
Schizophrenia
Mechanism of Action
Unknown Mechanism
Side Effects
Seizures
Prolonged QT Interval
Agranulocytosis
Weight Gain
Fewer Extrapyramidal Side Effects
Fewer Anticholinergic Side Effects
2 mins
Clozapine (Clozaril)
Mechanism
Atypical Antipsychotic
Indications
Schizophrenia
Levodopa-Induced Psychosis
Side Effects
Weight Gain
Hypersalivation (Sialorrhea)
Myocarditis
Agranulocytosis
Sedation
Orthostatic Hypotension
Constipation (Risk of Bowel Ileus)
Considerations
Weekly Lab Tests
2 mins
Risperidone (Risperdal)
Mechanism
Atypical Antipsychotic
Indications
Schizophrenia
Bipolar Mania
Autism-Associated Irritability
Side Effects
Extrapyramidal Symptoms
Hyperprolactinemia
Gynecomastia
Galactorrhea
Amenorrhea
Prolonged QT
Considerations
Intramuscular Long Acting (Depot) Form
2 mins
CNS Stimulants
Indications
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
Obesity
Mechanism of Action
Increase Catecholamines at Synaptic Cleft
Increase Norepinephrine
Increase Dopamine
Drug Names
Methylphenidate (Ritalin)
Methamphetamine
Side Effect
Potential for Abuse
57 secs
Amphetamine Antidote
Antidote
Ammonium Chloride (NH4Cl)
Acidify Urine
34 secs
Sumatriptan
Mechanism of Action
Short Half-Life
5-HT Agonist
Inhibits Trigeminal Nerve Activation
Induces Vasoconstriction
Indications
Migraine
Cluster Headache
Side Effects
Increased Risk of Serotonin Syndrome
Paresthesias
Coronary Vasospasm
Contraindication
Prinzmetal's Angina
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
3 mins
Gabapentin
Primary Indication
Seizure Treatment
Secondary Indications
Peripheral Neuropathy
Postherpetic Neuralgia
Bipolar Disorder
Migraine Prophylaxis
Characteristics
Inhibits Voltage-Gated Ca2+ channels
Designed as a GABA Analog
Side Effects
Ataxia
Sedation
2 mins
Valproic Acid
Indications
First Line Tonic-Clonic Seizure Treatment
Bipolar Disorder
Migraine Prophylaxis
Mechanism of Action
Increases GABA Concentration
Blocks Voltage-Gated Na+ Channels
Side Effect
GI Distress
Contraindication
Contraindicated in Pregnancy
1 min
Topiramate
Indications
Seizure Treatment
Migraine Prophylaxis
Mechanism of Action
Increase GABA Action
Blocks Voltage-Gated Na+ Channels
Side Effects
Kidney Stones
Weight Loss
Sedation
1 min
Butorphanol
Indications
Migraine
Severe Pain
Labor
Mechanism of Action
Partial Agonist at Mu and Full Agonist at Kappa Receptors
Less Respiratory Depression
Side Effects
Withdrawal Symptoms
1 min
Local Anesthetic Overview
Indications
Minor Procedures
Epidurals
Mechanism of Action
Blocks Na+ Channels
State Dependent
Combined with Vasoconstrictors
Infected Tissue Requires Higher Dose
Drugs
Esters
Amides
Side Effects
Arrhythmias
Cardiotoxicity
1 min
Lidocaine
Mechanism
Blocks Na+ Channels
Indications
Ventricular Arrhythmia
Anesthetic
Side Effects
Paresthesias
Seizures
Respiratory Depression
Drowsiness
Consideration
Anesthetic Effects Extended with Epinephrine
1 min
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