Elyssa Shared "PPOM 1 Comp 2" - 126 Picmonics
With Picmonic, facts become pictures. We've taken what the science shows - image mnemonics work - but we've boosted the effectiveness by building and associating memorable characters, interesting audio stories, and built-in quizzing. Whether you're studying for your classes or getting ready for a big exam, we're here to help.
PPOM 1 Comp 2
Syringomyelia
- Characteristics
- Cystic Cavity in Central Canal
- Chiari Malformations
- Trauma
- Clinical Features
- Cape-like Symptoms
- Loss of Pain Sensation
- Loss of Temperature
- Muscle Weakness
- Horner Syndrome
- Diagnosis
- MRI
- Management
- Supportive Care
- Surgery
2 mins
Cauda Equina Syndrome
- Acute Loss of Lumbar Plexus Function
- Surgical Emergency
- Saddle Anesthesia
- Causes
- Inflammatory Disorders
- Spinal Stenosis
- Trauma
- Lesions
- Symptoms
- Urinary and Fecal Incontinence
- Sciatica
- Diagnosis
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
- Clinical
1 min
Type I Spinal Muscular Atrophy
- Pathophysiology
- Lower Motor Neuron Disease
- SMN1 Mutation
- Degeneration of Anterior Horn Cells
- Autosomal Recessive
- Clinical Features
- Symmetric Flaccid Paralysis
- Hypotonia
- Bulbar Palsy
- Extraocular Muscle Sparing
- Respiratory Failure
- Diagnosis
- Genetic Testing
- Treatment
- Supportive Therapy
- Nusinersen
3 mins
Poliomyelitis
- Characteristics
- Poliovirus
- Picornavirus
- Fecal-Oral Transmission
- Destruction of Anterior Horn
- Clinical Features
- Flaccid Paralysis
- Hyporeflexia
- Fasciculations
- Diagnosis
- Elevated CSF Lymphocytes and Proteins
- Normal CSF Glucose
- Viral Culture or PCR
- Management
- Supportive Care
- Vaccination
3 mins
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
- Assessment
- Progressive Muscle Weakness
- Systemic Muscle Wasting
- Fasciculations
- Spasticity
- Fatigue
- Considerations
- Riluzole (Rilutek)
- Stretching
- Little to No Cognitive Decline
- Respiratory Support
- Palliative Care
2 mins
Herpes Zoster (Shingles)
- Cause/Mechanism
- Varicella-Zoster Virus
- Assessment
- Linear, Unilateral Rash Along a Dermatome
- Pruritus
- Postherpetic Neuralgia
- Interventions
- Acyclovir
- Analgesics
- Gabapentin
- Considerations
- Contagious Vesicles
- Shingrix
3 mins
Herniated Disc (Nucleus Pulposus)
- Cause/Mechanism
- Spine Trauma
- Natural Degeneration
- Spinal Stenosis
- Assessment
- Pain
- Weakness
- Urinary and Fecal Incontinence
- Interventions
- Brace
- Medications
- Outpatient Procedures
- Surgery
2 mins
Charcot Marie Tooth Disease
- Pathophysiology
- Hereditary Motor Sensory Neuropathy
- Autosomal Dominant
- PMP22 Duplication
- Schwann Cell Dysfunction
- Clinical Features
- Distal Muscle Weakness
- Foot Drop
- Calf Muscle Atrophy
- Scoliosis
- Hammertoes
- Pes Cavus
- Diagnosis
- Onion-skin Appearance on Nerve Biopsy
- Electrodiagnostic Studies
5 mins
Sjögren’s Syndrome
- Mechanism
- Autoimmune Exocrine Gland Destruction
- Symptoms (Classic Triad)
- Xerostomia
- Xerophthalmia
- Arthritis
- Diagnosis
- Anti SS-B (La)
- Anti SS-A (Ro)
- Schirmer's Test
- Salivary Gland Biopsy
- Treatment
- Symptomatic Treatment
- Complications
- Lymphoma
- Other
- Sicca Syndrome
4 mins
Compartment Syndrome Assessment
- Mechanism
- Trauma
- Increased Pressure
- Compressed Nerves and Blood Vessels
- Assessment
- 1 or more of 6 P's
- Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI)
- Considerations
- May take Days to develop
- Early Detection
- Ischemia
- Damage often Irreversible
2 mins
Guillain-Barre Syndrome Assessment
- Assessment
- Ascending Paralysis
- Muscle Weakness
- Paresthesias (Pins and Needles)
- Diplopia
- Difficulty Speaking
- Dysphagia
- Labile Blood Pressure
- Loss of Bowel and Bladder Control
- Considerations
- Aggressive Airway Management
2 mins
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) Mechanism and Deficiency
- Mechanism
- Cobalamin
- Large reserve pool in the liver
- Homocysteine to methionine
- Methylmalonyl CoA to succinyl CoA
- Deficiency Signs and Symptoms
- Macrocytic Megaloblastic Anemia
- Hypersegmented Neutrophils
- Neurologic defects
- Posterior column
- Lateral corticospinal tract
- Spinocerebellar tract
5 mins
Myasthenia Gravis
- Mechanism
- Antibodies to Acetylcholine Receptor
- Symptoms
- Ptosis
- Diplopia
- Weakness with Muscle Use
- Respiratory Death
- Thymus Associated
- Treatment
- Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors
- Plasmapheresis
- Thymectomy
1 min
Lambert-Eaton Syndrome
- Mechanism
- Autoantibody to the Presynaptic Calcium Channel on Motor Neurons
- Inhibits Acetylcholine (ACh) Release at Neuromuscular Junction
- Paraneoplastic Syndrome
- Small Cell Lung Cancer
- Symptoms
- Proximal Muscle Weakness
- Improves with Muscle Use
- Autonomic Symptoms
- Extraocular Muscle Sparing
2 mins
Clostridium botulinum
- Characteristics
- Bacillus
- Gram-positive
- Anaerobe
- Spore-forming
- Heat Labile Toxin
- Inhibits Acetylcholine (Ach) Release at Neuromuscular Junction (NMJ)
- Canned Food in Adults
- Spores in Honey
- Signs and Symptoms
- Descending Flaccid Paralysis
- Diplopia
- Ptosis
- Floppy Baby
- Constipation
2 mins
Mycobacterium leprae
- Characteristics
- Acid-Fast
- Aerobic
- Likes Cool Temperature
- Diagnosis by Skin Biopsy or PCR
- Lepromatous Leprosy
- Th2 Response
- Leonine Facies
- Tuberculoid Leprosy
- TH1 Response
- Hypoesthetic Skin Plaques
- Granulomatous Response
- Treatment
- Dapsone
- Rifampin
- Clofazimine
2 mins
Polymyositis / Dermatomyositis Disease
- Pathophysiology
- Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathy
- More Common in Women
- Endomysial Inflammation with CD8+ Cells (Polymyositis)
- Perimysial Inflammation with CD4+ Cells (Dermatomyositis)
- Signs and Symptoms (Both)
- Symmetric Proximal Muscle Weakness
- Dysphagia
- Lung and Cardiac Involvement
- Signs and Symptoms (Dermatomyositis)
- Malar Rash
- Shawl-like Shoulder Rash
- Gottron Papules on Knuckles
- Heliotrope Rash
3 mins
Muscular Dystrophy
- Mechanism
- X-linked Recessive
- Signs and Symptoms
- Muscle Weakness
- Motor Problems
- Gower Sign
- Large Calves
- Waddling Gait
- Loss of Ambulation
- Consideration
- Cardiac and Respiratory Failure
2 mins
Myotonic Dystrophy
- Pathophysiology
- Autosomal Dominant
- Trinucleotide Repeat
- CTG
- Signs and Symptoms
- Facial Muscle Weakness
- Frontal Balding
- Sustained Grip
- Conduction Defects
- Cataracts
- Selective Atrophy of Type 1 Fibers
- Testicular Atrophy
2 mins
Lidocaine
- Mechanism
- Blocks Na+ Channels
- Indications
- Ventricular Arrhythmia
- Anesthetic
- Side Effects
- Paresthesias
- Seizures
- Respiratory Depression
- Drowsiness
- Consideration
- Anesthetic Effects Extended with Epinephrine
1 min
Ace Your Medicine (MD/DO) Classes & Exams with Picmonic:
Over 2,030,000 students use Picmonic’s picture mnemonics to improve knowledge, retention, and exam performance.
Choose the #1 Medicine (MD/DO) student study app.
Picmonic for Medicine (MD/DO) covers information that is relevant to your entire Medicine (MD/DO) education. Whether you’re studying for your classes or getting ready to conquer the USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2 CK, COMLEX Level 1, or COMLEX Level 2, we’re here to help.
Works better than traditional Medicine (MD/DO) flashcards.
Research shows that students who use Picmonic see a 331% improvement in memory retention and a 50% improvement in test scores.