Tanner Shared "pharm review" - 20 Picmonics
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pharm review
Beta Blockers
- "-olol" suffix
- Mechanism
- Decreases Heart Rate and Contractility
- Decreases Peripheral Vascular Resistance
- Decreases Renin Release
- Indications
- Hypertension
- Heart Failure
- Angina Pectoris
- Contraindications
- Asthma and Heart Block Patients
- Nursing Considerations
- Assess Blood Pressure and Heart Rate
- Masking Signs of Hypoglycemia
- Do Not Stop Abruptly
2 mins
Calcium Channel Blockers (Verapamil and Diltiazem)
- Mechanism of Action
- Slows AV Conduction
- Indications
- Angina Pectoris
- Arrhythmias
- Essential Hypertension
- Side Effects
- Bradycardia
- Hypotension
- Constipation
- Peripheral Edema
- Gingival Hyperplasia
- Nursing Consideration
- Medication Education
2 mins
Dihydropyridine Calcium Channel Blockers
- Mechanism
- Block L-Calcium Channels
- Decrease vascular smooth muscle contractility
- Treats
- Hypertension
- Angina
- Raynauds phenomenon
- Drugs
- Nifedipine
- Amlodipine
- Side Effect
- headache
- Dizziness
- Flushing
- Tachycardia
- Peripheral Edema
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors
- "-pril" Suffix
- Mechanism of Action
- Block Renin Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS)
- Indications
- Hypertension
- Heart Failure
- Side Effects
- Dry Non-productive Cough
- Hypotension
- Dizziness
- Possible Hyperkalemia
- Angioedema
- Nursing Considerations
- Slowly Change Position
- Do Not Stop Abruptly
2 mins
Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs)
- Ends in "-sartan"
- Mechanism of Action
- Blocks Angiotensin II Receptor
- Indications
- Hypertension
- Side Effects
- Angioedema
- Contraindications
- Renal Artery Stenosis
- Pregnancy
1 min
Loop Diuretics
- Mechanism of Action
- Thick Ascending Limb of Loop of Henle
- Inhibits Na+-K+-2Cl-
- Sulfa Drug
- Drug Names
- Furosemide
- Lasix
- Side Effects
- Ototoxicity from Rapid Injection
- Gout
- Dehydration
- Hypocalcemia
- Hypokalemia
- Orthostatic Hypotension
2 mins
Nitroglycerin
- Mechanism of Action
- Decreases Preload
- Indications
- Angina
- Up to 3 doses q 5 mins
- Side Effects
- Headache
- Hypotension
- Contraindications
- Viagra (Sildenafil)
- Nursing Considerations
- Assess Blood Pressure
- Protect From Light
- Use Glass Bottle and Special Tubing
- Gloves for Applying Topically
2 mins
Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs)
- "-prazole" Suffix
- Indications
- Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome
- Gastritis
- Peptic Ulcer
- Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
- Mechanism
- Inhibit H+/K+/ATPase
- Side Effects
- Hip fracture
- Pneumonia
2 mins
Cimetidine and Famotidine (H2 Receptor Blockers)
- -tidine Suffix
- Mechanism
- H2 Receptor Blocker
- Indications
- Suppress Gastric Acid Secretion
- Side Effects (All)
- Pneumonia
- Side Effects - Cimetidine
- Anti-androgen Effects
- CNS Changes
2 mins
Promethazine (Phenergan)
- Mechanism
- Histamine H1 Receptor Antagonist
- Weak Dopamine Antagonist
- Indications
- Nausea and Vomiting
- Motion Sickness
- Side Effects
- Respiratory Depression
- Sedation
- Anticholinergic Effects
- Extrapyramidal Symptoms
- Considerations
- Use Large Bore IV
- Monitor for Tissue Necrosis
2 mins
Metoclopramide
- Indications
- Antiemetic
- Promotility Agent
- Mechanism
- Increased Resting Tone
- Antagonist at D2 Receptor
- Side Effects
- Parkinsonian Symptoms
- Galactorrhea
- Contraindication
- Small Bowel Obstruction
- Parkinson's Disease
2 mins
Heparin (Unfractionated)
- Mechanism of Action
- Suppresses Coagulation
- Indications
- Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)
- Pulmonary Embolism
- Side Effects
- Hemorrhage
- Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT)
- Considerations
- Monitor aPTT
- Preferred (Safe) During Pregnancy
- Antidote
- Protamine Sulfate
2 mins
Enoxaparin (Lovenox)
- Mechanism of Action
- Inhibits Clotting Factors
- Factor Xa
- Indications
- Clot Formation Prevention
- Side Effects
- Heparin Induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT)
- Bleeding
- Considerations
- Medication Education
- Subcutaneous Injection
- 2 Inches from Umbilicus or Incisions
- Antidote
- Protamine Sulfate
2 mins
Warfarin (Coumadin)
- Mechanism of Action
- Inhibits Clotting Factors
- Indications
- Atrial Fibrillation
- Venous Thrombosis
- Pulmonary Embolism
- Assessment
- PT/INR Levels
- Observe for Bleeding
- Contraindications
- Pregnancy
- Nursing Considerations
- Vitamin K and Fresh Frozen Plasma
- Prolonged Therapeutic Onset
- Maintain Same Diet
2 mins
Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic Acid)
- Mechanism
- Inhibits Platelet Aggregation
- NSAID
- Indications
- Thrombotic Event Prevention
- General Pain
- Inflammatory Conditions
- Fever
- Side Effects
- Pancytopenia
- GI Ulcers
- Bleeding
- Considerations
- Withhold Before Surgery 7-10 Days
- Reye's Syndrome
2 mins
Pradaxa Dabigatran
- Trade name = Pradaxa
- requires bridging with a parenteral agent
- Side effects
- Dyspepsia
Clopidogrel (Plavix)
- Mechanism
- ADP Receptor Antagonist
- Prevent Platelet Aggregation
- Indications
- Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)
- Prevention of Thrombotic Events
- Side Effects
- Bleeding
- Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (TTP)
- Pancytopenia
- Abdominal Pain
- Considerations
- Withhold Before Surgery
2 mins
Atorvastatin (Lipitor)
- Characteristics
- -statin Suffix
- Mechanism
- HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors
- Indications
- High Cholesterol
- Side Effects
- Hepatotoxicity
- Rash
- Rhabdomyolysis
- Myopathy
- Considerations
- Monitor Liver Enzymes
- Administer at Bedtime
- Avoid Grapefruit
2 mins
Prednisone (Glucocorticoids)
- Mechanism
- Glucocorticoid
- Indications
- Inflammatory Conditions
- Organ Transplant Rejection
- Side Effects
- Cataracts and Glaucoma
- Cushing's Syndrome
- Osteoporosis
- Immunosuppression
- Hyperglycemia
- Ulcers
- Considerations
- Adrenal Insufficiency
- Taper Gradually
2 mins
Methylprednisolone
- hormone, corticosteroid
- anti-inflammatory
- suppresses immune response
- Asthma and C.O.P.D
- Anaphylaxis
- Hypersensitivity to the drug
- Precautions
- Side Effects
- route and dosage
2 mins
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