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Anna Shared "Pharm Exam 1 Drugs" - 24 Picmonics

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Pharm Exam 1 Drugs

Acyclovir (Zovirax)
Mechanism
Guanosine Analog
Inhibits Viral Replication
Thymidine Kinase Activation
Indications
Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)
Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV)
Side Effects (Oral)
Headache
GI Distress
Side Effects (IV)
CNS Toxicity
Nephrotoxicity (Crystalline Nephropathy)
Considerations
Prevents Recurrent Episodes
Slow IV Infusion
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Aminoglycoside Overview
End in "-mycin"
GNATS
Gentamicin
Neomycin
Amikacin
Tobramycin
Streptomycin
Mechanism of Action
Bactericidal
Indications
Severe Gram Negative Infections
Bowel Surgery Prep
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Aminoglycoside Side Effects
Side Effects
Ototoxicity
Nephrotoxicity
Respiratory Paralysis
Contraindications
Pregnancy
Considerations
Peak and Trough
Never Mix with Penicillin in Same IV
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Ampicillin and Amoxicillin
Mechanism
Aminopenicillin
Broad Spectrum Penicillin
Indications
Gram-Positive and Some Gram-Negative Infections
Side Effects
Rash
Diarrhea
Considerations
No Effect Against Staph Aureus
Often combined with Beta Lactamase Inhibitor
Allergic Reaction
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Azoles (Ketoconazole)
"-azole" suffix
Indications
Local and Less Serious Systemic Mycosis
Mechanism
Inhibits Ergosterol Synthesis
Inhibits P450
Side Effects
Liver Dysfunction
Inhibition of Testosterone Synthesis
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Aztreonam (Azactam)
Mechanism
Monobactam Antibiotic
Bactericidal
Indications
Gram-Negative Infections
No Activity on Gram-Positives or Anaerobes
Side Effects
Blood Dyscrasias
Pain at Injection Site
Considerations
Safe for Penicillin Allergy
Synergistic with Aminoglycosides
Nebulizer Form Available
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Cephalosporins
Starts with "Cef-"
Mechanism of Action
Bactericidal
Indications
Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Infections
Side Effects
Allergic Reactions
Thrombophlebitis
Bleeding
Contraindications
Renal Impairment
Considerations
Avoid IV Calcium with Ceftriaxone
No Alcohol
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Chloramphenicol (Chloromycetin)
Mechanism
Bacteriostatic
Indications
Gram Positive or Gram Negative Infections
Side Effects
Bone Marrow Suppression
Aplastic Crisis
Gray Syndrome
Considerations
Toxicity Limits Use
Monitor Blood Counts
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Clindamycin
Mechanism
Bacteriostatic
Binds 50S Ribosomal Subunit
Indications
Gram-Positive Infections
Anaerobic Infections
Side Effects
Rash
Pseudomembranous Colitis
C. Difficile (Associated Diarrhea)
Arrhythmias
Blood Dyscrasias
Considerations
Monitor for Diarrhea
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Fluoroquinolones
End in "-floxacin"
Mechanism of Action
Bactericidal
Indications
Variety of Infections
Side Effects
GI Distress
Photosensitivity
Achilles Tendon Rupture
Contraindications
Pregnancy
Children
Myasthenia Gravis
Considerations
Avoid Milk Products or Antacids
Slow IV Infusion
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Imipenem and Meropenem (Carbapenems)
Mechanism
Carbapenems
Broad-spectrum Antibiotic
Bactericidal
Indications
Gram Positive and Gram Negative Infections
Side Effects
GI Distress
Suprainfections
Seizures
Considerations
Penicillin Allergy
IV or IM Route
Imipenem Combined with Cilastatin
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Linezolid (Zyvox)
Mechanism Of Action
Oxazolidinone Antibiotic
Binds 23S rRNA of 50S Subunit
Inhibits Protein Synthesis
Indication
Gram-Positive Organisms
MRSA
VRE (Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci)
Side Effects
Bone Marrow Suppression
Decreased Platelet Count
Peripheral Neuropathy
Lactic Acidosis
Serotonin Syndrome
Considerations & Patient Education
Avoid Tyramine Containing Foods
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Macrolides
End in "-thromycin"
Mechanism of Action
Bacteriostatic
Indications
Alternative for Penicillin Allergy
Respiratory Infections
Pneumonia
Side Effects
QT Prolongation and Sudden Death
C.Diff Overgrowth
GI Distress
Considerations
Slow IV Infusion
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Penicillin
Mechanism of Action
Weakens Cell Wall
Indications
Gram-Positive Infections
Prophylaxis
Side Effects
Pain at IM Injection Site
Allergic Reaction
Considerations
Skin Tests
Allergy ID
Medication Education
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Sulfonamides
Mechanism of Action
Bacteriostatic
Indications
Urinary Tract Infection
Side Effects
Crystalluria
Photosensitivity
Hemolytic Anemia
Kernicterus
Rash
Considerations
Sulfa Allergy
Encourage Fluids
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Tetracycline Toxicities
Inhibition of Bone Growth in Children
Teratogen
Discoloration of Teeth
Photosensitivity
GI Distress
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Tetracyclines Overview
End in "-cycline"
Mechanism of Action
Bacteriostatic
Indications
Infectious Diseases
Acne
Periodontal Disease
Nursing Considerations
Avoid Milk, Antacids, Iron
Sunlight Protection
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Tetracyclines Side Effects
Side Effects
Superinfection
Clostridioides difficile
Discoloration of Teeth
Bone Deformities
Photosensitivity
Contraindications
Children Under 8
Pregnancy
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Tigecycline (Tygacil)
Mechanism Of Action
Glycylcycline Antibiotic
Binds 30S Subunit
Inhibits Protein Synthesis
Indications
Severe Infections
Broad Spectrum Coverage
Anaerobic & Multidrug-Resistant Organisms
Deep Tissue Penetration
Side Effects
GI Distress
Severe Nausea and Vomiting
Considerations
2nd Line Agent
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Vancomycin Side Effects & Toxicity
Side Effects
Thrombophlebitis
Nephrotoxicity
Ototoxicity
Diffuse Flushing Called Red Man Syndrome
Prevent with Antihistamine
Prevent with Slow Infusion
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