Kristin Shared "GI Exam 2" - 54 Picmonics
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GI Exam 2
Colorectal Cancer Assessment
- 3rd Most Common Cancer
- Assessment
- Change in Bowel Habits
- Bowel Obstruction
- Rectal Bleeding
- Anemia
- Weight Loss
- Ascites
- Considerations
- Colonoscopy
- FOBT and FIT
2 mins
Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome
- Mechanism and Characteristics
- Symptomatic Age: 10-30 Years
- LKB1/STK11 Gene Mutation
- Autosomal Dominant
- Signs and Symptoms
- Benign GI Hamartomatous Polyps
- Mucocutaneous Hyperpigmentation
- Positive Family History
- Increased Risk of Colorectal Carcinoma
1 min
Stomach Cancer
- Adenocarcinoma
- Intestinal Type
- Intestinal Type
- Smoked Foods Containing Nitrosamines
- Achlorhydria
- Type A Blood
- Helicobacter pylori
- Diffuse Type
- Diffuse Type
- Signet Ring Cells
- Linitis Plastica (Leather Bottle Stomach)
- Assessment
- Acanthosis Nigricans
- Left Supraclavicular Lymph Node
- Virchow's Node
- Subcutaneous Periumbilical Mets
- Sister Mary Joseph's Nodule
- Complications
- Bilateral mets to ovaries
- Krukenberg's tumor
3 mins
Acute Pancreatitis Disease
- Autodigestion of Pancreas by Pancreatic Enzymes
- Symptoms
- Epigastric Abdominal Pain Radiating to Back
- Anorexia
- Nausea
- Labs
- Increased Amylase and Lipase
- Complications
- Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)
- Infection
- Hypocalcemia
- Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS)
- Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)
- Pancreatic Pseudocyst
- Hemorrhage
3 mins
Acute Pancreatitis Causes
- "GET SMASHHED" Mnemonic
- Gallstones
- (Ethanol) Alcohol
- Trauma
- Steroids
- Mumps
- Autoimmune
- Scorpion Sting
- Hypercalcemia
- Hypertriglyceridemia > 1000
- ERCP
- Drugs
1 min
Acute Pancreatitis Interventions
- NPO with NG Tube to Suction
- Pain Management
- Albumin
- Lactated Ringers Solution
- Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI)
- Antibiotics
- Surgery
- Nutrition
2 mins
Acute Pancreatitis Assessment
- Mechanism
- Heavy Alcohol Use and Gallstones
- Signs and Symptoms
- Abdominal Pain
- Nausea/Vomiting/Anorexia
- Abdominal Rigidity/Guarding
- Decreased or Absent Bowel Sounds
- Hypotension and Tachycardia
- Jaundice
- Increased White Blood Cells
2 mins
Cholecystitis Causes
- Gallbladder Inflammation
- 6 Fs
- Female
- Fair (Caucasian)
- Fat (Obese)
- Fertile (Pregnant)
- Forty (Advanced Age Over 40)
- Flatulence
2 mins
Cholecystitis Assessment
- RUQ Pain
- Referred Shoulder Pain
- Clay Colored Stools
- Jaundice
- Nausea and Vomiting
- Dyspepsia (Indigestion)
- Fever
- Considerations
- Increased WBCs
- Fatty or Spicy Foods
- Ultrasound
2 mins
Cholecystitis Interventions
- Supportive Therapy
- Antibiotics
- Low Fat Diet
- NG Tube
- Analgesics
- Lithotripsy
- Cholecystectomy
- T Tube
2 mins
Types of Hernias
- Hiatal
- Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
- Inguinal
- Men
- Femoral
- Women
- Incisional
- Umbilical
- Consideration
- Strangulation
1 min
Hernia Interventions
- Reduce Intra Abdominal Pressure
- Avoid Straining and Lifting
- Open Mouth Sneezing
- Excision
- Herniorrhaphy
- Hernioplasty
- Consideration
- Scrotal Support
1 min
Budd-Chiari Syndrome
- Causes
- Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Hematologic Disorders
- Tumors
- Chronic Infections
- Mechanism
- Thrombosis of Major Hepatic Veins
- Centrilobular Congestion and Necrosis
- Symptoms
- Abdominal Pain
- Ascites
- Hepatomegaly
- Nutmeg Liver
3 mins
Appendicitis
- Mechanism and Characteristics
- Fecalith leading to obstruction and infection
- Most commonly affects teenagers
- Presentation
- Initial peri-umbilical visceral pain
- Subsequent somatic right lower quadrant pain
- Diagnosis
- Rebound tenderness
- Positive psoas sign
- Pain at McBurney's point
- Leukocytosis
- Fever
- Treatment
- Appendectomy
1 min
Fluorouracil (5-FU)
- Mechanism
- Antimetabolite
- "Thymine-less Death"
- Indications
- Slow-growing Solid Tumors
- Co-administered with Leucovorin for Stomach Cancer
- Basal Cell Carcinoma (Topical)
- Side Effects
- Myelosuppression
- Mucositis
- Severe Diarrhea
3 mins
Hemochromatosis Signs and Symptoms
- Signs and Symptoms
- Micronodular Cirrhosis
- Hepatocellular Carcinoma
- Diabetes
- Bronze Skin Coloring
- CHF
- Arthropathy
- Testicular Atrophy
- Impotence
2 mins
Hemochromatosis Pathophysiology
- Pathophysiology
- Hemosiderin Deposition
- Autosomal Recessive
- HLA-A3
- Secondary to Transfusion Therapy
- Increase Iron
- Increase Ferritin
- Increased Transferrin Saturation
2 mins
Liver Enzyme Tests: AST and ALT
- AST/ALT Ratio
- AST: 8-20 U/L
- ALT: 8-20 U/L
1 min
Primary Biliary Cholangitis (Primary Biliary Cirrhosis) Diagnosis and Treatment
- Diagnosis
- Positive Antimitochondrial Antibodies
- Increased Alkaline Phosphatase (ALK-P)
- Increased Cholesterol
- Treatment
- Ursodiol
- Liver Transplant
2 mins
Cirrhosis Assessment
- Mechanism
- Degeneration and Destruction of Liver Cells
- Signs and Symptoms
- Jaundice
- Fatigue
- Palmar Erythema
- Spider Angiomas
- Hepatosplenomegaly
- Edema
- Gynecomastia
- Change in LOC
2 mins
