Tiffany Shared "exam 2" - 37 Picmonics
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exam 2
Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)
- Mechanism
- Antioxidant
- Collagen Formation
- Steroid Synthesis
- Indications
- Dietary Deficiency
- Scurvy
- Side Effects
- GI Distress
- Considerations
- Citrus Fruits
- May Improve Healing
2 mins
Vitamin D Deficiency
- Signs & Symptoms
- Rickets in children
- Bending bones
- Rachitic rosary
- Breast milk has decreased vitamin D
- Osteomalacia in adults
- Tetany from Hypocalcemia
2 mins
Total Protein Lab Values
- 6.4 - 8.3 g/dL
1 min
Albumin Lab Value
- 3.5 - 5.5 g/dL
49 secs
Hypokalemia
- Assessment
- < 3.5 mEq/L
- Muscle Weakness
- Arrhythmia
- U Wave
- Ileus
- Hyporeflexia
- Interventions
- IV K+ Infusion at 5-10 mEq/hr
- Give Orally with Food
- Nursing Considerations
- Monitor Respiratory Status
3 mins
Hyperkalemia
- Assessment
- > 5.0 mEq/L K+
- Abdominal Cramps
- Muscle Weakness
- Diarrhea
- Arrhythmia
- Tall, Peaked T Waves
- Interventions
- IV Calcium
- Infusion of Glucose and Insulin
- Loop or Thiazide Diuretics
- Kayexalate
- Dialysis
- Prevention Education
2 mins
Hyponatremia
- Assessment
- < 135 mEq Na+
- Nausea and Vomiting
- Decreased LOC
- Confusion / Lethargy
- Seizures
- Priority Interventions
- Assess Airway
- Reduce Diuretic Dosage
- Fluid Excess Hyponatremia
- Mannitol (Osmitrol)
- Fluid Restriction
- Fluid Deficit Hyponatremia
- Hypertonic Solution (3% or 5% NaCl)
2 mins
Hypernatremia
- Assessment
- > 145 mEq/L Na+
- Change in LOC
- Extreme Thirst
- Orthostatic Hypotension
- Dry Flushed Skin
- Muscle Twitching
- Seizures
- Priority Interventions
- Treat and Prevent Dehydration
- Hypotonic Solutions (0.225% or 0.45% NaCl)
- Sodium Restriction
- Diuretics
2 mins
Iron Deficiency Anemia
- Causes
- Malnutrition/Malabsorption
- Hemorrhage
- Signs
- Microcytic, Hypochromic Anemia
- Decreased Heme Synthesis
- Labs
- Decreased Reticulocytes
- Decreased Ferritin
- Increased Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW)
- Poikilocytosis
- Anisocytosis
- Increased Central Pallor
2 mins
Vitamin K1 (Phytonadione)
- Mechanism
- Synthesizes Clotting Factors II, VII, IX, X
- Indications
- Hypoprothrombinemia
- Newborn Prophylaxis
- Bleeding from Warfarin Overdose
- Side Effects
- Shock
- Kernicterus
- Cardiac Arrest
- Considerations
- Bile Salts required for Intestinal Absorption
- Increased Risks with IV Administration
2 mins
Anorexia Nervosa Assessment
- Adolescent Girls
- Fear of Gaining Weight
- Assessment
- Excessive Dieting
- Distorted Body Image
- Decreased Bone Density
- Stress Fractures
- Lanugo
- Amenorrhea
- Anemia
- Diagnostic Criteria
- BMI < 18.5
3 mins
Bulimia Nervosa Assessment
- Assessment
- Normal Body Weight
- Binge and Purge
- Electrolyte Disturbances
- Alkalosis
- Hypokalemia
- Parotitis
- Enamel Erosion
- Russell's Sign
- Diagnosis
- Once Weekly For 3 Months
2 mins
Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa Interventions
- Interventions
- Build Trust
- Plan Caloric Intake
- Supervise Meals
- Supervise Elimination
- Encourage Liquids
- Daily Weights
- Use Matter-of-Fact Statements
- Give Feelings of Control
- Considerations
- Tube Feedings If Further Weight Loss
2 mins
Hemoglobin (Hgb) Lab Values
- Men: 13 - 17 g/dL
- Women: 12 - 16 g/dL
47 secs
Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN)
- Mechanism
- Nutrition Given Outside GI
- Side Effects
- Hyperglycemia
- Hyperlipidemia
- Refeeding Syndrome
- Nausea and Vomiting
- Considerations
- Slow IV Infusion
- Use Large Central Vein
- No Added Meds to TPN Line
2 mins
Potassium (K+) Lab Value
- 3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L
20 secs
K+ Sparing Diuretics
- Indications
- CHF and Hypertension
- Hypokalemia
- Hyperaldosteronism
- Mechanism of Action
- Collecting Tubule
- Spironolactone
- Competitive Aldosterone Receptor Antagonist
- Amiloride and Triamterene
- Block Na+ Channels
- Side Effects
- Hyperkalemia
- Gynecomastia
2 mins
Sodium (Na+) Lab Value
- 135-145 mEq/L
24 secs
Loop Diuretic Education
- Furosemide (Lasix)
- Indications
- Heart Failure
- Pulmonary Edema
- Acute Renal Failure (ARF)
- Edema
- Education
- Notify the provider of weakness, dizziness, or muscle cramping
- Increase Potassium Intake
- Check BP Daily
- Daily Weights and Monitor IandOs
1 min
Loop Diuretics
- Mechanism of Action
- Thick Ascending Limb of Loop of Henle
- Inhibits Na+-K+-2Cl-
- Sulfa Drug
- Drug Names
- Furosemide
- Lasix
- Side Effects
- Ototoxicity from Rapid Injection
- Gout
- Dehydration
- Hypocalcemia
- Hypokalemia
- Orthostatic Hypotension
2 mins
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