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OB EXAM 1
Ovulatory Hormones I - Follicular Phase
Characteristics
0-14 Days
GnRH Stimulates FSH and LH
Follicle Secretes Estrogen
Negative Feedback from Estrogen
Increased Estrogen Leads to Positive Feedback
FSH and LH Surge
LH Spike Leads to Ovulation
2 mins
Ovulatory Hormones II - Luteal Phase
Days 15-28
Corpus Luteum
Secretes Progesterone
Negative Feedback inhibits FSH and LH
No pregnancy forms Corpus Albicans
Stops Estrogen Secretion
Endometrial Sloughing - Menses
GnRH secretion produces new follicular phase
2 mins
Positive Signs of Pregnancy
Fetus on Ultrasound
Fetal Heart Rate by Doppler or Fetoscope
Fetal X-ray
Fetal Movements
1 min
Presumptive Signs of Pregnancy
Amenorrhea
Fatigue
Urinary Frequency
Nausea and Vomiting
Breast Changes
Quickening
1 min
Probable Signs of Pregnancy
Goodell Sign
Chadwick Sign
Hegar Sign
Positive Serum and Urine Sample
Braxton Hicks Contractions
Ballottement
2 mins
Supine Hypotension (Vena Cava Syndrome)
Mechanism
Compression of the Vena Cava and Descending Aorta
Signs and Symptoms
Hypotension
Dizziness
Tachycardia
Decreased Renal Perfusion
Decreased Uteroplacental Perfusion
Intervention
Side-lying Position
2 mins
Prenatal Care
Prenatal Visits
Vital Signs, FHR
Fundal Height
Urine Dipstick
Weight
Prenatal Screening
Laboratory Testing
2 mins
Discomforts of Pregnancy - First Trimester
Breast Tenderness
Supportive Bra
Nausea and Vomiting
Frequent Small Meals
Urinary Frequency and Urgency
Frequently Empty Bladder
Leukorrhea
Perineal Pad
Ptyalism
2 mins
Discomforts of Pregnancy - Second Trimester
Supine Hypotension
Side-lying Position
Food Cravings
Heartburn (Pyrosis)
Constipation
Moderate Exercise
Varicose Veins
Elevate Legs
Backache
Pelvic Tilt Exercise
Considerations
Nutrition
2 mins
Discomforts of Pregnancy - Third Trimester
Shortness of Breath (SOB)
Rest Periods
Return of Urinary Frequency and Urgency
Empty Bladder Regularly
Leg Cramps
Stretching Exercises
Ankle Edema
Elevate Legs
2 mins
True vs. False Labor
Bloody Show
True Labor
Regular, Strong Contractions
Progressive Effacement and Dilation
Engagement of Presenting Part
False Labor
Irregular Contractions
Cervix Soft
No Engagement of Presenting Part
2 mins
Mechanism of Labor
Engagement
Descent
Flexion
Internal Rotation
Extension
External Rotation (Restitution)
Expulsion of Infant
2 mins
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