COPD Overview (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Overview)
Inhaled Toxins Smoking AAT Deficiency Emphysema Chronic Bronchitis Asthma Spirometry Slow Progression Emphysema
Pink Puffer Exhale through Pursed Lips Barrel Chest Obstructive Lung Disease Increased Lung Compliance Centriacinar Panacinar Alpha 1 Antitrypsin Deficiency
Decreased Alpha Anti Trypsin Increased Elastase Activity Decreased Elastic Tissue Misfolded Protein Aggregates PAS+ Globules Panacinar Emphysema Dyspnea Cirrhosis Hepatocellular Carcinoma Asthma
Obstructive lung disease Bronchial Hyperresponsiveness History of Atopic Disease Beta2 agonists Corticosteroids Curschmann's spirals Hypertrophy of smooth muscle Reversible Charcot Leyden crystals Methacholine challenge Wheezing Cough Initially decreased PaCO2 Pulsus paradoxus Bronchiectasis
Obstructive Lung Disease Chronic Necrotizing Infection Permanent Airway Dilation Poor Ciliary Motility Kartagener's Syndrome Cystic Fibrosis Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis Hemoptysis Increased Sputum Obstructive Lung Disease
Blocked Airflow Increased residual volume V/Q Mismatch Decreased forced vital capacity (FVC) Decreased FEV1/FVC ratio Asthma Bronchiectasis Chronic bronchitis Emphysema Kartagener Syndrome (Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia)
Autosomal Recessive Immotile Cilia Due to a Dynein Arm Defect Decreased Male and Female Fertility Immotile Sperm Dysfunctional Fallopian Tube Cilia Increased Risk of Ectopic Pregnancy Bronchiectasis Recurrent Sinusitis Chronic Ear Infections Conductive Hearing Loss Situs Inversus (Dextrocardia on Chest X-Ray) Decreased Nasal Nitric Oxide Used as Screening Test Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Interstitial Restrictive Lung Disease Age over 50 years, Males, Tobacco Dyspnea and Cough Fatigue Crackles Digital Clubbing Bronchiectasis Honeycomb Pattern Restrictive Pattern Respiratory Failure Right Heart Failure Oxygen Antifibrotic Medications Lung Transplant Pneumoconioses
Coal Caplan Disease Macrophages --> Antracosis Silica (Sand) Impairs Phagolysosome Function Increased risk of Tuberculosis Eggshell Calcification on Hilar Lymph Nodes Berryliosis Aerospace Workers Non-Caseating Granulomas Resembles Sarcoidosis Asbestos Asbestos Bodies Bronchogenic Carcinoma
Coal Workers Pneumoconiosis
Prolonged Coal Exposure Black Lung Disease Upper Lobes Restrictive Lung Disease Dust-Laden Macrophages Inflammation and Fibrosis Small, Rounded Nodular Opacities Caplan Syndrome Anthracosis Asbestosis Characteristics and Presentation
Pneumoconiosis Restrictive Lung Disease Lower Lobes Shipbuilding Roofing Smoking Plumbing Dyspnea with Exertion Cough Digital Clubbing Pulmonary Hypertension Classification (WHO)
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Idiopathic Hereditary BMPR2 Mutation Left Heart Disease Lung Diseases or Hypoxia COPD Obstructive Sleep Apnea Chronic Pulmonary Emboli Multifactorial Adenocarcinoma of the Lung
Most Common Lung Cancer Most Common in Nonsmokers Peripheral Location KRAS, EGFR, and ALK Mutations Glandular Pattern Often Stains with Mucin Presents with Hemoptysis Clubbing Surgical Resection Chemotherapy and Radiation Pancoast Tumor
Apical Lung Tumor Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Axillary or Shoulder Pain Hoarseness Horner Syndrome Superior Vena Cava Syndrome Sensorimotor Deficits Hemidiaphragm Paralysis Bronchial Carcinoid Tumor
Excellent Prognosis Symptoms of Bronchial Obstruction Often Asymptomatic Carcinoid Syndrome Diarrhea Wheezing Flushing 5-HIAA in Urine Nests of Neuroendocrine Cells Chromogranin A Positive Surgical Resection Octreotide for Symptomatic Relief Tension Pneumothorax
Air Enters Pleural Space, but Can't Exit Trauma or Infection Decreased Breath Sounds Trachea Deviates Away from Affected Side Chest Pain Tachycardia Tachypnea Hypotension Hypoxemia Hyperresonance Emergency Pneumothorax
Air Enters Pleural Space Sudden Dyspnea Absent or Restricted Movement on Affected Side Decreased or Absent Breath Sounds on Affected Side Chest Pain Tracheal Deviation Vital Sign Changes Crepitus High Fowler's Position With Oxygen Prepare For Chest Tube Placement Educate High Risk Patients Potter Sequence
Oligohydramnios Limb Deformities Facial Anomalies Pulmonary Hypoplasia (Most Common Cause of Death) Autosomal Recessive Polycystic Kidney Disease (ARPKD) Posterior Urethral Valves Chronic Placental Insufficiency Bilateral Renal Agenesis Oligohydramnios
Decreased Amniotic Fluid Renal Agenesis (Fetal Urinary Tract Abnormalities) Uteroplacental Insufficiency Premature Rupture of Membranes (PROM) Ultrasound Amniotic Fluid Index (AFI) < 5 cm Spontaneous Abortion Pulmonary Hypoplasia Musculoskeletal Abnormalities Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR) Treat Underlying Cause Delivery (When Viable) Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease
Autosomal Dominant Mutations in PKD1/2 Cystic Enlargement of Renal Tubules Chronic Kidney Disease Hypertension Mitral Valve Prolapse Hepatic Cysts Berry (Saccular) Aneurysms View More
GET PLAYLIST