Amy Shared "Analgesics and antidotes" - 12 Picmonics
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Analgesics and antidotes
Opioids Overview
- Indications
- Pain
- Weaning
- Cough
- Diarrhea
- Mechanism of Action
- Agonists at Mu (μ), Kappa (Κ), and Delta (δ) Receptors
- Decrease Synaptic Transmission
- Side Effects
- Respiratory Depression
- Addiction
- Miosis
- Constipation
2 mins
Opioid Antidote
- Antidote
- Naloxone
29 secs
Morphine
- Mechanism
- Opioid Receptor Agonist
- Indications
- Pain
- Myocardial Infarction
- Side Effects
- Nausea and Vomiting
- CNS Depression
- Biliary Colic
- Constipation
- Increased Intracranial Pressure (ICP)
- Pupillary Constriction
- Hypotension
2 mins
Tramadol
- Indications
- Chronic Pain
- Mechanism of Action
- Weak Opioid
- Inhibit Serotonin and NE reuptake
- Side Effect
- Increased Risk of Seizure
48 secs
Codeine
- Mechanism
- Opioid Receptor Agonist
- Indications
- Mild to Moderate Pain
- Cough Suppressant
- Side Effects
- Sedation
- Constipation
- Miosis
- Considerations
- Close Monitoring When Breast Feeding
- Often Combined with Non-Opioids
2 mins
Meperidine (Demerol)
- Mechanism
- Opioid Receptor Agonist
- Indications
- Moderate to Severe Pain
- Post Anesthesia Shivering
- Side Effects
- Tremors
- Constipation
- CNS Depression
- Sedation
- Considerations
- Short Term Administration
- Increased Risk Serotonin Syndrome
- Does NOT cause Miosis
- Renal Failure Increases Toxicity Risk
2 mins
Butorphanol
- Indications
- Migraine
- Severe Pain
- Labor
- Mechanism of Action
- Partial Agonist at Mu and Full Agonist at Kappa Receptors
- Less Respiratory Depression
- Side Effects
- Withdrawal Symptoms
1 min
Naloxone (Narcan)
- Mechanism
- Competitive Opioid Receptor Antagonist
- Indications
- Opioid Induced CNS Depression
- Side Effects
- Severe Nausea and Vomiting
- Excitable State
- Opioid Withdrawal Symptoms
- Considerations
- Repeated Dosing Often Required
1 min
Fentanyl, Methadone, and Oxycodone
- Mechanism of Action
- Mu-opioid receptor agonist (C)
- Fentanyl
- Fentanyl
- Highly lipid-soluble (C)
- Strong agonist (C)
- Severe analgesia after identification of dose level via other opioid (e.g., morphine) (C)
- Intraspinal administration possible (C)
- Do not change dose more than 1/week (long half-life) (C)
- IV, transdermal (C)
- Methadone
- Methadone (C)
- Chronic, severe pain (C)
- Treatment of heroin and opioid addicts (C)
- 90% bound to plasma protein (C)
- Accumulates in tissues (thus, extended duration of action) (C)
- Do not change dose more than 1/week (long half-life) (C)
- Oxycodone
- Oxycodone
- Moderate to severe analgesia (C)
- Extended Release (C)
Hydromorphone
- Complications
- Respiratory Depression
- Hypotension
- Urinary Retention
- Constipation
- Contraindications
- Allergy to Acetaminophen
- Paralytic Illius
- Interactions
- CNS Depressants
- No MAO-Is
- Common Name
- Dialaudid
Acetaminophen Antidote
- Antidote
- N-Acetylcysteine
33 secs
Lidocaine
- Mechanism
- Blocks Na+ Channels
- Indications
- Ventricular Arrhythmia
- Anesthetic
- Side Effects
- Paresthesias
- Seizures
- Respiratory Depression
- Drowsiness
- Consideration
- Anesthetic Effects Extended with Epinephrine
1 min
