Nicole Shared "Heme Part 1" - 35 Picmonics
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Heme Part 1
Anemia Lab Values
- Iron Deficiency Anemia
- Serum Iron Decreased
- Transferrin Increased
- Ferritin Decreased
- % Transferrin Saturation Decreased
- Pregnancy and OCP Use
- Serum Iron Normal
- Transferrin Increased
- Ferritin Normal
- % Transferrin Saturation Decreased
- Anemia of Chronic Disease
- Serum Iron Decreased
- Transferrin Decreased
- Ferritin Increased
- % Transferrin Saturation Decreased or Normal
- Hemochromatosis
- Serum Iron Increased
- Transferrin Decreased
- Ferritin Increased
- % Transferrin Saturation Increased
3 mins
Beta Thalassemia
- Mechanism
- Microcytic, Hypochromic Anemia
- Mediterranean Populations
- Decreased Beta-Globin
- Beta-Thalassemia Minor
- Increased HbA2
- No Intervention
- Beta-thalassemia Major
- Blood Transfusions
- Hemochromatosis
- Crew-cut on Skull X-Ray
- Diagnosis
- Electrophoresis
2 mins
G6PD Deficiency
- X-linked Recessive
- Hemolytic Anemia
- Inflammatory Response
- Fava Beans
- Sulfonamides
- Primaquine
- Anti TB Drugs
- Heinz Bodies
- Bite Cells
- Prevalent Among African Americans due to Increased Malarial Resistance
2 mins
Hemochromatosis Pathophysiology
- Pathophysiology
- Hemosiderin Deposition
- Autosomal Recessive
- HLA-A3
- Secondary to Transfusion Therapy
- Increase Iron
- Increase Ferritin
- Increased Transferrin Saturation
2 mins
Hereditary Spherocytosis Diagnosis & Treatment
- Labs
- Increased MCHC
- Spherocytes
- Normocytic Anemia
- Diagnosis
- Eosin-5-Maleimide (EMA) Binding Test
- Osmotic Fragility Test
- Glycerol Lysis Test
- Treatment
- Folic Acid
- Splenectomy
2 mins
Hereditary Spherocytosis Disease
- Northern Europeans
- Mechanisms
- Autosomal Dominant
- Spectrin/Ankyrin Deficiency
- Spherocyte Formation
- Hemolytic Anemia
- Symptoms
- Bilirubin Gallstones
- Jaundice
- Splenomegaly
3 mins
Iron Deficiency Anemia
- Causes
- Malnutrition/Malabsorption
- Hemorrhage
- Signs
- Microcytic, Hypochromic Anemia
- Decreased Heme Synthesis
- Labs
- Decreased Reticulocytes
- Decreased Ferritin
- Increased Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW)
- Poikilocytosis
- Anisocytosis
- Increased Central Pallor
2 mins
Macrocytic Anemia Causes
- MCV > 100
- Megaloblastic
- B12 Deficiency
- Folate Deficiency
- Orotic Aciduria
- Non Megaloblastic
- Alcoholism
- Liver Disease
- Reticulocytosis
2 mins
Microcytic Anemia Causes
- MCV < 80
- Causes
- Thalassemias
- Chronic Disease or Illness
- Lead Toxicity
- Late Iron Deficiency
- Sideroblastic Anemia
1 min
Normocytic Hemolytic Anemia Causes
- Intrinsic Hemolytic
- Hereditary Spherocytosis
- RBC Enzyme Deficiency
- Hemoglobin C Defect
- Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria (PNH)
- Sickle Cell Anemia
- Extrinsic Hemolytic
- Autoimmune
- Microangiopathic
- Mechanical Destruction
- Prosthetic Cardiac Valves
- Infection
- Snake Venom
2 mins
Normocytic Nonhemolytic Anemia Causes
- MCV 80-100
- Nonhemolytic
- Anemia of Chronic Disease/Inflammation
- Aplastic Anemia
- Chronic Kidney Disease
- Early Iron Deficiency
1 min
Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria (PNH)
- Pathophysiology
- Defective PIG-A Gene
- Deficiency of DAF (Decay Accelerating Factor CD55)
- Symptoms
- Dark Urine in the Morning
- Intravascular Hemolysis
- Thrombosis
- Diagnosis
- Decreased CD55 and CD59
- Treatment
- RBC Transfusion
- Eculizumab
- Bone Marrow Transplant is Curative
3 mins
Polycythemia Vera Disease
- Pathophysiology
- JAK2 Mutation leading to increased red blood cells
- Tyrosine Kinase
- Symptoms
- Erythromelalgia
- Pruritus
- Often After Hot Shower
- Headache
- Treatment
- Phlebotomy
- Aspirin
1 min
Polycythemia Vera Labs
- Lab Findings (The 4 H's)
- Hypervolemia
- Histaminemia
- Hyperviscosity
- Hyperuricemia
- Diagnosis
- Elevated Hemoglobin or Hematocrit
- Positive Jak2 Mutation
1 min
Pyruvate Kinase Deficiency
- Pathophysiology
- Autosomal Recessive
- Defect in Pyruvate Kinase
- Decreased ATP
- Extravascular Hemolysis
- Presentation / Symptoms
- Hemolytic Anemia in a Newborn
- Diagnosis
- RBC Enzyme Assay
- Echinocytes
- Burr Cells
- Small Uniform Projections
- Normocytic Anemia
2 mins
Sickle Cell Anemia (Management)
- Long Term Treatment
- Hydroxyurea
- Bone Marrow Transplant
- Folate
- Acute Treatment
- Exchange Transfusion
- Prophylaxis
- Penicillin Prophylaxis
1 min
Sickle Cell Anemia (Mechanism)
- Intrinsic Normocytic Hemolytic Anemia
- Point Mutation
- Autosomal Recessive
- African American
- Dehydration or Decreased O2
- Newborns Asymptomatic
- Heterozygote Malarial Resistance
2 mins
Sickle Cell Anemia (Signs and Complications)
- Signs
- Crew-cut on Skull X-ray
- Complications
- Auto-splenectomy
- Painful Crisis
- Aplastic Crisis
- Splenic-sequestration Crisis
- Hyper-hemolytic Syndrome
- Renal Papillary Necrosis
- Salmonella osteomyelitis
- Pulmonary Hypertension
- Hyposthenuria
2 mins
Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (TTP)
- Inhibition or deficiency of ADAMTS 13
- vWF Multimers are Not Degraded
- Microthrombi (and Emboli)
- Symptoms
- FAT RN Pentad
- Fever
- Anemia
- Thrombocytopenia
- Renal Dysfunction
- Neurologic Abnormalities (Altered Mental status)
- Treatment
- Plasmapheresis
- Corticosteroids
- Splenectomy
2 mins
Von Willebrand Disease
- Mixed platelet and coagulation disorder
- Mechanism
- Autosomal Dominant Condition Leading to Reduced vWF
- Defect in platelet plug formation
- Labs
- Increased Bleeding Time
- PTT increased
- Factor VIII decreased
- Normal platelet count
- Treatment
- DDAVP (synthetic vasopressin)
1 min
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