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NUR 114 Exam 1 Reproduction
Fetal Circulation
Placenta
Umbilical Vein
Ductus Venosus
Right Atrium
Foramen Ovale
Left Atrium
Aorta
Right Ventricle
Ductus Arteriosus
Umbilical Arteries
2 mins
Postnatal Circulation
Infant Breathes
Decreased Pressure in Pulmonary Vasculature
Decreased Right Heart Pressure
Increased Left Atrial Pressure
Closes Foramen Ovale
Increased O2
Decreased Prostaglandins
Closed Ductus Arteriosus
Pharmacologic Intervention of Ductus Arteriosus
Open with Prostaglandins
Closed with Indomethacin
3 mins
Lab and Diagnostic Tests During Pregnancy
Complete Blood Cell Count
Blood Typing
Rubella Titer
Hepatitis B
HIV Testing
Urinalysis
Diabetes
Pap Smears
2 mins
Amniocentesis
Mechanism
Transabdominal Puncture
> 14 weeks gestation
Indications
Genetic and Congenital Anomalies
Fetal Hemolytic Disease
Fetal Lung Maturity
Complications
Miscarriage
Hemorrhage
Infection
Considerations
RhoGAM (Rh Immune Globulin)
2 mins
Positive Signs of Pregnancy
Fetus on Ultrasound
Fetal Heart Rate by Doppler or Fetoscope
Fetal X-ray
Fetal Movements
1 min
Presumptive Signs of Pregnancy
Amenorrhea
Fatigue
Urinary Frequency
Nausea and Vomiting
Breast Changes
Quickening
1 min
Probable Signs of Pregnancy
Goodell Sign
Chadwick Sign
Hegar Sign
Positive Serum and Urine Sample
Braxton Hicks Contractions
Ballottement
2 mins
Prenatal Nutrition
Prenatal Vitamins
Iron Supplement 30 mg Daily
Folate/Folic Acid 400 mcg Daily
Appropriate Weight Gain Recommendations
340 Calorie Increase
25 gram Protein Increase
Foods and Substances to Avoid
Coffee, Alcohol, Tobacco
Fish Containing High Mercury Levels
3 mins
Prenatal Care
Prenatal Visits
Vital Signs, FHR
Fundal Height
Urine Dipstick
Weight
Prenatal Screening
Laboratory Testing
2 mins
Hematocrit (Hct) Lab Values
Women: 36% - 46%
Men: 41% - 53%
1 min
RhoGam [Rho(D) Immune Globulin]
Indications
Antepartum Prevention at 28 weeks
Suppress Antibody Production
Mechanism of Action
Lysis of Fetal RBC in Maternal Bloodstream
Side Effects
Myalgia and Lethargy
Considerations
Negative Coombs Test
Standard Dose 300 mcg
Microdose 50 mcg
Blood Product
2 mins
Discomforts of Pregnancy - First Trimester
Breast Tenderness
Supportive Bra
Nausea and Vomiting
Frequent Small Meals
Urinary Frequency and Urgency
Frequently Empty Bladder
Leukorrhea
Perineal Pad
Ptyalism
2 mins
Discomforts of Pregnancy - Second Trimester
Supine Hypotension
Side-lying Position
Food Cravings
Heartburn (Pyrosis)
Constipation
Moderate Exercise
Varicose Veins
Elevate Legs
Backache
Pelvic Tilt Exercise
Considerations
Nutrition
2 mins
Discomforts of Pregnancy - Third Trimester
Shortness of Breath (SOB)
Rest Periods
Return of Urinary Frequency and Urgency
Empty Bladder Regularly
Leg Cramps
Stretching Exercises
Ankle Edema
Elevate Legs
2 mins
True vs. False Labor
Bloody Show
True Labor
Regular, Strong Contractions
Progressive Effacement and Dilation
Engagement of Presenting Part
False Labor
Irregular Contractions
Cervix Soft
No Engagement of Presenting Part
2 mins
Mechanism of Labor
Engagement
Descent
Flexion
Internal Rotation
Extension
External Rotation (Restitution)
Expulsion of Infant
2 mins
Early Decelerations
Cause
Fetal Head Compression
Occurs During
Uterine Contractions
Placement of Internal Mode of Monitoring
Vaginal Examination
Fundal Pressure
Considerations
Normal Pattern
1 min
Decelerations (and Accelerations) Overview
VEAL CHOP
Variable Deceleration
Cord Compression
Early Deceleration
Head Compression
Acceleration
Okay
Late Deceleration
Placental Insufficiency
2 mins
Late Decelerations
Cause
Uteroplacental Insufficiency
Occurs During
Disruption of Oxygen Transfer to Fetus
Considerations
Abnormal Pattern
Interventions
Discontinue Oxytocin
Oxygen with Non-Rebreather (8-10 L/min)
Side-lying Position
Elevate Legs
Increase Rate of IV Solution
2 mins
Variable Decelerations
Mechanism
Umbilical Cord Compression
Occurs During
Abnormal Cord Position
Considerations
Transition Phase
Interventions
Oxygen with Non-Rebreather (8-10 L/min)
Change Maternal Position
Discontinue Oxytocin
2 mins
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