Pre-Health

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Characteristics of Abnormal Psychology

Statistical Rarity

What is a characteristic or feature of behaviors that would best be considered psychologically abnormal?

Violation of Norms

Maladaptive Behavior

Personal Distress

Classical Conditioning

UCS (UnConditioned Stimulus)

Which of the following classical conditioning concepts most likely elicits a natural response?

UCR (UnConditioned Response)

In Pavlov's experiment, a dog drooling in response to dog food is most likely referred to as which of the following?

NS (Neutral Stimulus)

In Pavlov's experiment, the bell is most likely referred to as which of the following?

CS (Conditioned Stimulus)

In classical conditioning, which of the following is most likely to be repeatedly paired with an unconditioned stimulus?

CR (Conditioned Response)

In Pavlov's experiment, a dog drooling in response to the sound of a bell is most likely referred to as which of the following?

Criteria of Science

Empiricism

Which criterion of science implies that behavior should be able to be observed reliably?

Testability

Which criterion of science means that a scientific explanation can be proved true or false by looking at empirical data?

Parsimony

Which criterion of science implies that the more simple explanation is preferred over the more complicated one?

Determinism

Which criterion of science implies that behavior is ultimately predictable?

Five Major Channels of Nonverbal Behaviors

Paralanguage

Which channel of nonverbal communication refers to the vocal, nonverbal aspects of speech?

Kinesics

Which channel of nonverbal communication refers to almost all discernible bodily movements and gestures?

Proxemics

Which channel of nonverbal communication refers to the use and structure of space and spatial considerations when interacting with others?

Facial Expression 

Which channel of nonverbal communication refers to grimacing and wincing?

Visual Behavior

Which channel of nonverbal communication refers to visual interactions signaling involvement with another?

Measures of Memory

Explicit Memories

Which type of memory involves situations in which the memory task involves a direct reference to a particular past event?

Conscious Recollection

Which is a feature or example of explicit memories?

Recall

Previous Experiences

Implicit Memories

Which type of memory is demonstrated when no direct mentioning of the experiences leads to a particular memory?

Unconscious and Unintentional

Which is a feature or example of implicit memories?

Emotional

Implicit memories often involve which type of trigger?

Cognitive Learning

Motor Skills

Model of Sensation and Perception

Object

Which of the following is the 1st step in the Model of Sensation and Perception?

Information reaches the perceiver

Which of the following is the 2nd step in the Model of Sensation and Perception?

Sense organ gets information to the receptor cells

Which of the following occurs immediately after information reaches the perceiver in the Model of Sensation and Perception?

Receptor cells engage in process of transduction

Which of the following occurs immediately after the sense organ gets information to the receptor cells in the Model of Sensation and Perception?

Neural impulses in sensory nerves transmitted to brain

Which of the following occurs immediately after receptor cells engage in transduction in the Model of Sensation and Perception?

Pattern of activity initiated in brain projection area

Which of the following occurs immediately after neural impulses in sensory nerves are transmitted to the brain in the Model of Sensation and Perception?

Other brain areas engage in additional processing

Which of the following occurs immediately after a pattern of activity is initiated in the brain projection area in the Model of Sensation and Perception?

Perceptual experience of the object in the environment

Which of the following is the final step in the Model of Sensation and Perception?

Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development

Sensorimotor (Birth to 2 years)

One acquires knowledge through sensory experiences and manipulating objects during which of the following stages of cognitive development?

Preoperational (2 to 7 years)

During which of the following stages of cognitive development does one learn through pretend play?

Concrete Operational (7 to 11 years)

During which of the following stages of cognitive development does one begin to think logically but still struggles with abstract concepts?

Formal Operational (11 years and up)

During which of the following stages of cognitive development does one gain the ability to use deductive reasoning?

Techniques for Decreasing Rates of Inappropriate Responses

Extinction

Which technique is described as the process of removing satisfying or reinforcing consequences?

Timeout

Which technique is described as removing the individual from a situation?

Response Cost

Which technique is when there is a penalty paid for behaving inappropriately?

Punishment

Which technique is described as the delivery of an aversive consequence contingent upon an inappropriate response?

The "Big Five" Personality Factors

Openness

Which is a key fact of The "Big Five" Personality Factors?

Conscientiousness

Extroversion

Agreeableness

Neuroticism

The 4 Goals of Psychology

Description

Which of the following goals of psychology relates to an objective, opinion-free manner of reporting behavior?

Explanation

Which of the following goals of psychology relates to asking why a behavior occurs and identifying the cause?

Prediction

Which of the following goals of psychology relates to an attempt to anticipate which behavior will come next or in the future?

Modification

Which of the following goals of psychology relates to an attempt to change behavior?

Misc Concepts

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