Parts of an ECG
- P Wave
- Atrial Depolarization
- QRS Complex
- Ventricular Depolarization
- T Wave
- Ventricular Repolarization
ECG Interpretation
- Rate
- Rhythm
- P Waves
- Upright, Rounded, Before Every QRS
- PR Interval (< 0.20 seconds)
- Normal QRS (< 0.12 seconds)
ECG: Sinus Bradycardia
- < 60 bpm
- Regular
- Present, Upright, Every QRS
- < 0.20 seconds
- < 0.12 seconds
- Atropine
ECG: Sinus Tachycardia
- > 100 bpm
- Regular
- Present, Upright, Every QRS
- < 0.20 seconds
- < 0.12 seconds
- Treat Underlying Cause
ECG: Atrial Flutter
- Variable
- Regular or Irregular
- Saw Tooth, Multiple Before Every QRS
- Non-measurable
- < 0.12 seconds
Torsades de Pointes
- Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia
- Prolonged QT Interval
- QRS Twist Around Isoelectric Line
- Congenital
- Antibiotics
- Antiarrhythmics
- Antipsychotics
- Antidepressants
- Electrolyte Deficiencies
- Ventricular Fibrillation
- Stable: Magnesium Sulfate
- Unstable: Defibrillation
ECG: Atrial Fibrillation
- Variable Rate
- Irregular Rhythm
- No P Wave
- No PR Interval
- QRS < 0.12 Seconds
Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome
- WPW Pattern vs. WPW Syndrome
- Ventricular Pre-excitation Syndrome
- Accessory Conduction Pathway
- Supraventricular Tachycardia
- Atrial Fibrillation
- Shortened PR Interval
- Delta Wave
- Widened QRS
- No Treatment if Asymptomatic
- Treat Arrhythmia
Atrioventricular Block Types
- First Degree
- PR Interval > 200ms
- No Treatment Needed
- Second Degree
- Mobitz I (Wenckebach)
- Progressive PR Interval Lengthening with Nonconducted QRS Complex
- Mobitz II
- Constant PR Interval with Nonconducted QRS Complex
- Third Degree
- Atrioventricular Dissociation
Congenital Long QT Syndrome
- Inherited Disorder of Myocardial Repolarization
- Potassium (K+) Channel Mutations
- Prolonged QT Interval
- Torsades de Pointes
- Increased Risk of Sudden Cardiac Death (SCD)
- Romano-Ward Syndrome
- Autosomal Dominant
- Pure Cardiac Phenotype (No Deafness)
- Jervell and Lange-Nielsen Syndrome
- Autosomal Recessive
- Sensorineural Deafness
Brugada Syndrome
- Defective Myocardial Sodium Channels
- Predominance in Asian Males
- Autosomal Dominant
- Pseudo-Right Bundle Branch Block Pattern
- Persistent ST Elevations in Leads V1-V2
- Risk of VTACH and Sudden Cardiac Death
- Syncope
- ICD
- Antiarrhythmics