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How to Interpret Acid Base Disorders

pH, pCO2, HCO3 (Bicarbonate)

When determining how to interpret acid base disorders, what three lab values are are seen as crucial?

Step 1

When determining how to interpret acid base disorders, what is the first lab value to look at?

Acidosis

When determining how to interpret acid base disorders, a pH <7.35 is classified as which of the following?

Alkalosis

When determining how to interpret acid base disorders, a pH >7.45 is classified as which of the following?

Step 2

pCO2

When determining how to interpret acid base disorders, what is the second lab value to look at?

Opposite Direction As pH

When determining how to interpret acid base disorders, a respiratory disorder is indicated when the pCO2 value is which of the following?

Respiratory Acidosis

When determining how to interpret acid base disorders, what is indicated when the pH is <7.35 and there is a pCO2 >45 mmHg?

Respiratory Alkalosis

When determining how to interpret acid base disorders, what is indicated when the pH is >7.45 and there is a pCO2 <35 mmHg?

Step 3

HCO3 (Bicarbonate)

When determining how to interpret acid base disorders, what is generally the third lab value to look at?

Same Direction As pH

When determining how to interpret acid base disorders, a metabolic disorder is indicated when the bicarbonate value is which of the following?

Metabolic Acidosis

When determining how to interpret acid base disorders, what is generally indicated when the pH, pCO2, and bicarbonate are all decreased compared to their normal ranges?

Metabolic Alkalosis

When determining how to interpret acid base disorders, what is generally indicated when the pH, pCO2, and bicarbonate are all increased compared to their normal ranges?

Hyperventilation

Which of the following is most likely associated with respiratory alkalosis?

High Altitude

Aspirin

Restrictive Lung Disease

Pulmonary Embolism

Pregnancy

Progesterone

Rib Fracture

Anxiety

Hypoventilation

Which of the following is most likely an etiology of respiratory acidosis?

Increased PaCO2 > 45

Which of the following is most likely to be seen in respiratory acidosis?

Barbiturates Depress Central Respiratory Center of Brain

Which of the following is most likely a clinical scenario that may result in respiratory acidosis?

Opioids Depress Central Respiratory Center of the Brain

Airway Obstruction

Respiratory Muscle Weakness/Paralysis

Diuretic use

Which of the following is associated causing Metabolic Alkalosis?

Vomiting

Antacid

Hyperaldosteronism

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