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First Aid for the USMLE Step 1 (2021)

8 - Endocrine

Diabetes Interventions

Early Diagnosis

Which of the following most likely decreases the risk of developing complications from diabetes?

Insulin

Which of the following is most useful to control hyperglycemia in the treatment of diabetes?

Oral Hypoglycemics

Biguanides and sulfonylureas are examples of which of the following types of medications?

Glucose Monitoring

Which of the following is most useful for achieving glycemic goals?

Routine Exercise

Which of the following is the most appropriate recommendation in the management of diabetes?

Diabetic Diet

Monitor for Complications

Due to the progressive and debilitating nature of diabetes, which of the following is recommended?

Insulin Therapy

Lipodystrophy is most likely the result of which of the following?

Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)

In type 1 diabetes mellitus, which complication is most likely associated with ketone bodies in urine?

Pregnant Diabetic Patient Interventions

First Trimester

Increase Insulin then Decrease

With regard to first trimester insulin management, a pregnant diabetic patient should ____________.

Metformin

Which of the following is most likely to be used in pregnant diabetic patients if insulin therapy fails?

Nutrition

During the first trimester a pregnant diabetic patient should be recommended to receive proper ____________.

Exercise

____________ is recommended in pregnant women with diabetes in order to promote cardiac health and potentially decrease insulin needs.

Second Trimester

Increase Insulin

With regard to second trimester insulin management, a pregnant diabetic patient should ____________.

More Likely to Develop Hypoglycemia than Hyperglycemia

Which of the following statements is true regarding pregnant diabetic patients during the second trimester?

Third Trimester

Double or Quadruple Insulin

With regard to third trimester insulin management, a pregnant diabetic patient should ____________.

Early Delivery

It is possible for gestational or preexisting diabetes to result in a woman having ____________ due to extra stress on the mother and fetus.

Postpartum

Drastically Decrease Insulin

With regard postpartum insulin management, after delivery physicians should ____________.

Monitor Neonate for Hypoglycemia

During the postpartum period, which of the following is a consideration for a neonate born to a mother with preexisting or gestational diabetes?

Diabetes Education

Self-Monitoring (Blood Glucose)

Which of the following are instructions or patient education points associated with diabetes education?

SubQ Injection Technique

Which of the following are medication instructions or patient education points associated with diabetes education?

Lifestyle Changes

Symptoms of Hyperglycemia and Hypoglycemia

Sick Day Care

Foot Care

Exercise Therapy

Medication

Which of the following is included in diabetes education?

Rapid Acting

Insulin Lispro is most likely which of the following types?

Insulin Lispro (Humalog)

Which of the following medications is associated with rapid acting insulin?

Insulin Aspart (Novolog)

Which of the following medications is associated with rapid-acting insulin?

Insulin Glulisine (Apidra)

Short Acting 

Regular Insulin is most likely which of the following types?

Regular Insulin (Humulin R)

Which of the following medications is associated with short-acting insulin?

Intermediate Acting

NPH Insulin is most likely characterized as which of the following types?

Isophane NPH (Humulin N)

Which of the following medications is associated with intermediate-acting insulin?

Long Acting

Detemir Insulin is most likely characterized as which of the following types?

Glargine (Lantus)

Which of the following medications is associated with long-acting insulin?

Detemir (Levemir)

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