Ace Your Cardiovascular System Classes and Exams with Picmonic: #1 Visual Mnemonic Study Tool for Physician Assistant (PA) Students
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Cardiovascular System | Physician Assistant (PA) School Study Aid
Hypertension Assessment
- Mechanism
- Essential Hypertension
- Secondary Hypertension
- Assessment
- Headache
- Vision Changes
- Nosebleed (Epistaxis)
- Chest Pain
- Syncope (Fainting)
- Diagnosis
- Average 2 Sets, 2 Minutes Apart
- After 2 or More Visits (within 1-4 weeks)
- Nursing Considerations
- Take BP Both Arms
- Common in African Americans
2 mins
Gestational Hypertension
- New-Onset Hypertension
- > 20 Weeks Gestation
- Risk Factors
- Nulliparity
- Obesity
- African American Females
- > 35 years Old
- Multiple Gestations
- Family History of Gestational HTN (or Preeclampsia)
- Complications
- IUGR
- Prematurity
- Abruptio Placentae
- Management
- Fetal Monitoring
- Alpha-Methyldopa
- Beta-Blockers (Labetalol)
- Calcium Channel Blockers
- Hydralazine
4 mins
Hypertension Intervention
- Lifestyle Modifications
- Weight Reduction and Exercise
- Diet Changes
- Relaxation Techniques
- Smoking Cessation
- Medications
- Encourage Self Monitoring
1 min
Hypertension Medications
- Diuretics
- Beta Blockers
- Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs)
- Calcium Channel Blockers
- ACE Inhibitors
1 min
Supine Hypotension (Vena Cava Syndrome)
- Mechanism
- Compression of the Vena Cava and Descending Aorta
- Signs and Symptoms
- Hypotension
- Dizziness
- Tachycardia
- Decreased Renal Perfusion
- Decreased Uteroplacental Perfusion
- Intervention
- Side-lying Position
2 mins
Types of Shock
- Hypovolemic
- Depleted Volume
- Cardiogenic
- Pump Failure
- Obstructive
- Indirect Pump Failure
- Distributive
- Lost Vascular Tone
- Neurogenic
- Anaphylactic
- Septic
2 mins
Hypercholesterolemia Disease
- Risk Factors
- Diabetes
- Smoking
- Family History
- Hypertension
- HDL < 40
- Men Older than 45 Years of Age
- Women Older than 55 Years of Age
- Signs and Symptoms
- Atheromas
- Plaques in Blood Vessel Walls
- Tissue Ischemia
- Xanthomas
- Lipemia Retinalis
2 mins
Hypercholesterolemia Treatment
- Lifestyle Modifications (Diet, Exercise, Smoking Cessation)
- Statins
- Niacin
- Ezetimibe
- Fibrates
- Bile Acid Resins
- Screening
- Men greater or equal to 35 Years Old (20-35 if at increased risk)
- Women greater or equal to 45 Years Old (20-45 if at increased risk)
2 mins
Hypercholesterolemia Risk Stratification
- 0 - 1 Risk Factors
- < 160 mg/dl LDL goal
- greater or equal to 2 Risk Factors and 10-year Risk ≤ 20%
- < 130 mg/dL LDL Goal
- Coronary Heart Disease OR >/= to 2 Risk Factors AND 10-Year Risk > 20%
- < 100 mg/dL LDL Goal
2 mins
Triglycerides Lab Value
- < 150 mg/dL
51 secs
