The normal serum value for phosphate is 2.5-4.5 mg/dL. Hypophosphatemia can manifest as muscle and neurological dysfunction, and disruption of muscle and blood cells due to lack of ATP. Conversely, patients with hyperphosphatemia can display GI symptoms and calcification (hardening) of organs and soft tissue, and can show a decreased ability to use iron, calcium, magnesium, and zinc.
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