Master Hyperemesis Gravidarum with Picmonic for Nursing RN

Hyperemesis gravidarum is characterized by excessive vomiting. Excessive vomiting can cause significant weight loss, nutritional issues, and metabolic imbalances.

When vomiting becomes severe enough, the pregnant woman may experience significant weight loss. This is an issue that must be addressed with the health care provider.

Increased vomiting can result in loss of fluids and dehydration. The woman may require IV fluid replacement in order to improve fluid balance.

Hyperemesis gravidarum can cause significant fluid loss. If this persists, the pregnant woman may experience hypotension. Hypotension may decrease tissue perfusion and perfusion to the fetus; therefore, it is important to correct the hypotension.

Excessive vomiting can result in electrolyte imbalances and alterations in pH. As stomach acid is exiting the body, the woman’s pH may lead to metabolic alkalosis.

Antiemetics may be recommended to decrease nausea and vomiting so that the pregnant woman can retain fluids, minimize dehydration, and prevent hypotension. These medications include ondansetron, promethazine, and metoclopramide.

Small frequent meals are suggested for the woman with hyperemesis gravidarum in order to prevent nausea and vomiting. Limited fluids and bland carbohydrates may aid in settling the stomach.

IV therapy may be recommended for the pregnant woman in order to replace fluids lost from excessive vomiting. IV fluids are also helpful in treating hypotension that the woman may develop. In addition, electrolytes can be incorporated into the IV fluids to correct electrolyte imbalances and altered pH.