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DOWNLOAD PDFA liver biopsy is performed to obtain a sample of hepatic tissue for histologic examination of the liver cells. Microscopic examination of the cells is done to determine the degree of inflammation, fibrosis, and cirrhosis. Ultimately, this procedure is used to diagnose and track the progression of liver disease, such as liver fibrosis or chronic hepatitis.
An incisional or open method liver biopsy is performed in the operating room with the patient under general anesthesia. During this procedure, a portion of hepatic tissue is removed through an incision.
A closed liver biopsy or needle biopsy is performed with the patient in a supine position with the right arm over the head, using only local anesthetic. A needle biopsy involves inserting a needle between the patient’s 6th/7th or 8th/9th intercostal space on the right side. The patient should be instructed to exhale fully and not to breathe during insertion of the needle.
Prior to undergoing a liver biopsy, the patient’s baseline vital signs should be taken, and his/her coagulation status should be evaluated. Prothrombin time, clotting, and bleeding time should all be assessed.
A type and crossmatch of the patient’s blood should be performed prior to undergoing the liver biopsy, in case the patient hemorrhages and needs to receive a blood transfusion.
After the procedure, the patient should be positioned on his/her right side for at least two hours in an effort to prevent bleeding. Additionally, the patient should be kept in flat position 12-14 hours after liver biopsy procedure.
After the biopsy, the patient should be assessed for complications including, but not limited to: bile peritonitis, shock due to hemorrhage, and pneumothorax.
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