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Nursing: A Concept-Based Approach to Learning, Volume 1, 3rd Ed. | Registered Nurse (RN) School Study Aid

Urinary Excretory Anatomy

Renal Medulla

Renal Cortex

Nephron

Bowman's Capsule

Glomerulus

Proximal Tubule

Loop of Henle

Distal Tubule

Collecting Duct

Ureter

Urinary Bladder

Urethra

2 mins

Urinary Tract Infection Symptoms

More Common in Elderly

Most Common in Females and Babies

Change in LOC

Dehydration

Fever

Urgency

Urethral Infection

Burning

Smelly Urine

Dark Cloudy Urine

Frequency of Urination

2 mins

Urinary Tract Infection Prevention and Treatment

Shower after Sex

Urinate after Sex

Wipe front to Back

I and Os with Daily Weights

Increase Water Intake

Antibiotics

Avoid Caffeine

Dr Appointment in 2 Weeks

Void every 2 - 4 hours

2 mins

WBC Differential Lab Value

White Blood Cells (WBC)

5-10 (5,000-10,000)

Neutrophils (50%-70%)

Bands (2%-5%)

Segs (50%-70%)

Lymphocytes (20%-40%)

Monocytes (4%-8%)

Eosinophils (2%-4%)

Basophils (0.5%-1.5%)

2 mins

Dialysis

Hemodialysis

Rapid Shifts of Fluid and Electrolytes

Disequilibrium Syndrome

Hypotension

NO BP IN ARM with Shunt or Fistula

Assess for Thrill and Bruit

Peritoneal Dialysis

Slow Process

Peritonitis

Loss of Protein

Hyperglycemia

3 mins

Anticholinergics

B.O.AT.S Acronym

Benztropine

Parkinson's Disease

Oxybutynin

Decrease bladder spasms

Atropine

Mydriasis and Cycloplegia

Scopolamine

Motion Sickness

1 min

Anticholinergics Continued

Glycopyrrolate

Reduces Airway Secretions

Ulcer Treatment

Ipratropium

Asthma and C.O.P.D

Dicyclomine

Hyoscyamine

Irritable Bowel Syndrome

1 min

Loop Diuretics

Thick Ascending Limb of Loop of Henle

Inhibits Na+-K+-2Cl-

Sulfa Drug

Furosemide

Lasix

Ototoxicity from Rapid Injection

Gout

Dehydration

Hypocalcemia

Hypokalemia

Orthostatic Hypotension

2 mins

Loop Diuretic Education

Furosemide (Lasix)

Heart Failure

Pulmonary Edema

Acute Renal Failure (ARF)

Edema

Notify the provider of weakness, dizziness, or muscle cramping

Increase Potassium Intake

Check BP Daily

Daily Weights and Monitor IandOs

1 min

K+ Sparing Diuretics

CHF and Hypertension

Hypokalemia

Hyperaldosteronism

Collecting Tubule

Spironolactone

Competitive Aldosterone Receptor Antagonist

Amiloride and Triamterene

Block Na+ Channels

Hyperkalemia

Gynecomastia

2 mins

Spironolactone (Aldactone)

Inhibition of Aldosterone

Potassium Retention

Hypertension

Edema

Heart Failure

Hyperkalemia

Endocrine Effects

Avoid Potassium Supplements

2 mins

Hypertension Medications

Diuretics

ACE Inhibitors

Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs)

Beta Blockers

Dihydropyridine Calcium Channel Blockers

2 mins

Hyponatremia

< 135 mEq Na+

Nausea and Vomiting

Decreased LOC

Confusion / Lethargy

Seizures

Assess Airway

Reduce Diuretic Dosage

Mannitol (Osmitrol)

Fluid Restriction

Hypertonic Solution (3% or 5% NaCl)

2 mins

Types of Hernias

Hiatal

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)

Inguinal

Men

Femoral

Women

Incisional

Umbilical

Strangulation

1 min

Hernia Interventions

Reduce Intra Abdominal Pressure

Avoid Straining and Lifting

Open Mouth Sneezing

Excision

Herniorrhaphy

Hernioplasty

Scrotal Support

1 min

Enema Administration

Tap Water/Soapsuds

Normal Saline

Hypertonic Solution

Medication

Oil Retention

Procedure Education

Wear PPE

Put Patient in Sims Position

Insert Tip

Start Flow Slowly

Stop With Discomfort

Potential for Vagus Response

2 mins

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) Interventions

Identify Triggers

Increase Fiber Intake

Probiotics

Anticholinergics

Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs)

Loperamide

Linaclotide

Tegaserod (Zelnorm)

Lubiprostone (Amitiza)

Alosetron (Lotronex)

2 mins

Renal Calculi Assessment

Hypercalcemia (Most Commonly)

Flank Pain

Radiates Toward Bladder

Renal Colic

Urinary Tract Infection

Urinary Retention

Hematuria

Stone Recurrence

2 mins

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) Assessment

Men Over 50

Enlarged Prostate Gland

Urinary Retention

Weak Urine Stream

Frequency

Urgency

Nocturia

1 min

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) Interventions

Timed Voiding

Decreased Caffeine Intake

Catheterization

Finasteride (Proscar)

Tamsulosin (Flomax)

TURP Procedure

Open Prostatectomy

Continuous Bladder Irrigation (CBI)

2 mins

Renal Calculi Interventions

Increase Fluid Intake

Opioids

NSAIDs

Antibiotics

Lithotripsy

Surgical Stone Removal

Identify Type CT-KUB

Low Sodium Diet

2 mins

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