Aortic Stenosis
- Age-related Calcifications
- Bicuspid Aortic Valve
- Crescendo-decrescendo Murmur
- Systolic Murmur
- Ejection Murmur
- Ejection Click
- Radiates to Carotids and Apex
- Pulsus Parvus et Tardus
- Syncope
- Helmet Cells
Aortic Regurgitation
- Diastolic Murmur
- Immediate High-pitched
- Blowing Murmur
- Wide Pulse Pressure
- Water Hammer Pulse
- Head Bobbing
- Pulsating Nail Bed
- Can Cause Austin Flint Murmur
Tricuspid Regurgitation
- Holosystolic
- Blowing Murmur
- Radiates to Right Sternal Border
- Enhanced by Inspiration
Mitral Stenosis
- Murmur Follows Opening Snap
- Late Diastolic Murmur
- Enhanced by Expiration
- Low-Pitched Rumbling
- Dilation of Left Atrium (LA)
- Recurrent Attacks of Rheumatic Fever
Mitral Regurgitation
- Holosystolic
- Blowing Murmur
- Loudest at Apex
- Radiates toward Axilla
- Louder by Squatting
- Hand Grip
- Expiration
Patent Ductus Arteriosus
- Continuous
- Machine like murmur
- Often Due to Congenital Rubella
- Prematurity
Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF)
- Blue Baby Syndrome
- PROVe Acronym
- Pulmonary Infundibular Stenosis
- Right Ventricular Hypertrophy
- Overriding Aorta
- Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD)
- Boot-Shaped Heart
- Squatting for Tet Spells
- Surgery
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Mechanisms
- 2/3 Autosomal-Dominant
- 1/3 Sporadic Type
- Mutation in Gene for Sarcomere Protein
- Cardiac Myosin Binding Protein C
- Asymmetric Septal Hypertrophy
- Outflow Tract Obstruction
- Diastolic Dysfunction
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Signs, Symptoms and Treatment
- Sudden Death Of Young Athlete
- Heart Failure
- Angina
- Arrhythmias
- Syncope
- Harsh Systolic Ejection Murmur
- S4 Heart Sound
- Beta Blocker
- Non-dihydropyridine Calcium Channel Blocker
Atrioventricular Block Types
- First Degree
- PR Interval > 200ms
- No Treatment Needed
- Second Degree
- Mobitz I (Wenckebach)
- Progressive PR Interval Lengthening with Nonconducted QRS Complex
- Mobitz II
- Constant PR Interval with Nonconducted QRS Complex
- Third Degree
- Atrioventricular Dissociation