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Sclera

The ____________ is the outer thick layer of the eye, but it does not cover the entire eye.

Cornea

Light first passes through the ____________, which bends and focuses it.

Iris

The ____________ controls the dilation of the pupil and adjusts the amount of light entering the eye.

Lens

The ____________ does the final focusing of light entering the eye.

Ciliary Muscles

The ____________ control the thickness of the lens, which affects the focus of light on the retina.

Optic Nerve

The ____________ is a bundle of ganglionic cell axons that exit the back of the eye and transmits the light signal to the brain for interpretation.

Rods

____________ transmit black and white images as well as low-intensity light. ____________ only have one pigment: rhodopsin.

Cones

____________ transmit colored light. There are three types of ____________, each containing a different pigment (red, blue and green).

Retina

The ____________ is the location where light is imaged at the back of the eye.

Characteristics

Care for the Visually Impaired

Assessment 

Decreased Visual Acuity

What is a Snellen chart used to diagnose?

Snellen Chart

Which tool is most likely used to assess visual acuity?

Status of Corrective Lenses

Before performing a visual acuity assessment, which fact about the patient is important to consider?

Nursing Considerations

Sighted-Guide Technique

What technique involves offering your arm for the patient to hold while walking, and describing your movements?

Communication

What is important when delivering nursing care to a patient with visual impairment?

Safe Environment

Medications

Patient education regarding which of the following is most important for the visually impaired given risks of mixing up colors?

Clock Technique for Food

Activities of Daily Living (ADL)

Assistance with which of the following is important for patients with visual impairments?

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

Procedure

Internal Body Images

Which of the following is generated by an MRI procedure?

Detects Variations of Soft Tissues

Which of the following best describes how an MRI works?

Considerations

No Metal Objects

Which of the following is an important consideration of an MRI procedure?

No Pacemakers

Contrast is Non-Iodine

Safe During Pregnancy

Long Procedure

Antianxiety Medications

Eye Medication Administration

Supine with Neck Hyperextended

Which patient position is best when administering ophthalmic ointment or drops?

Wash Away Crusts

Which of the following is important prior to administering ophthalmic ointment or drops?

Cotton Ball on Cheekbone

What should be placed and where, prior to administering ophthalmic ointment or drops?

For Ophthalmic Drops

Instill Drops into Conjunctival Sac

Which of the following medication administration or route details are best associated with administering ophthalmic drops?

Repeat if Missed or Patient Blinks

Which of the following is the most appropriate action if a drop from an ophthalmic medication misses the patient's eye or the patient blinks?

5 Minutes Before 2nd Medication

What is the most appropriate amount of time to wait to avoid interaction between two different topical ophthalmic medications?

For Ophthalmic Ointment

Thin Stream Along Inner Edge

Which of the following is the best route for administering ophthalmic ointment?

Inner Canthus to Outer Canthus

Which of the following is the most appropriate direction to follow to avoid infection when administering topical ophthalmic medications?

46 - Assessment of the Eye and Vision

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