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Maternity and Women's Health Care, 12th Ed., Lowerdermilk, Perry, Cashion & Aldon, 2020

Unit 4 / Childbirth

Decelerations (and Accelerations) Overview

VEAL CHOP

Which of the following mnemonics is most likely utilized to remember fetal heart rate pattern changes such as decelerations and accelerations?

Variable Deceleration

Which of the following is best described by a fetal heart rate that slows from baseline to its lowest rate in less than 30 seconds and occurs independently of the contraction cycle?

Cord Compression

When fetal heart rate slows independently of the contraction cycle, which of the following is most likely causing this deceleration?

Early Deceleration

Which of the following best describes when the fetal heart rate gradually decreases and returns to baseline in response to uterine contractions?

Head Compression

When assessing fetal heart tones, early deceleration most likely indicates that the fetus is experiencing which of the following?

Acceleration

Which of the following best describes when fetal heart tones increase by 15 or more beats per minute above baseline, reaching peak within 30 seconds and subsiding within 2 minutes?

Okay

A fetus experiencing heart rate accelerations can be considered what?

Late Deceleration

Which of the following best describes the fetal heart tone that gradually decreases rate, reaching its nadir after the peak of the uterine contraction and returning to baseline after completion of the contraction?

Placental Insufficiency

During your assessment of fetal heart tones, late deceleration most likely indicates the fetus is experiencing which of the following?

Early Decelerations

Cause

Fetal Head Compression

Which of the following is most likely the etiology of early decelerations?

Occurs During

Uterine Contractions

What event can most likely lead to early decelerations?

Placement of Internal Mode of Monitoring

Vaginal Examination

Fundal Pressure

Considerations

Normal Pattern

Because early decelerations are not associated with fetal hypoxia or low Apgar scores, they can be considered what?

Late Decelerations

Uteroplacental Insufficiency

Which of the following diseases or disorders is most likely associated with late decelerations?

Disruption of Oxygen Transfer to Fetus

What best describes the pathophysiology of late decelerations?

Abnormal Pattern

What type of pattern are late decelerations considered?

Interventions

Discontinue Oxytocin

What intervention is most appropriate once a mother's fetus is seen to have late decelerations?

Oxygen with Non-Rebreather (8-10 L/min)

Side-lying Position

Elevate Legs

Increase Rate of IV Solution

Variable Decelerations

Mechanism

Umbilical Cord Compression

Variable decelerations are caused by what?

Abnormal Cord Position

Transition Phase

During which phase of labor are variable decelerations common?

What intervention should be performed if a pregnant woman's fetus is showing variable decelerations?

Change Maternal Position

18 - Fetal Assessment During Labor

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