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Essentials of Maternity, Newborn, and Women's Health Nursing, 5th Edition., Ricci, 2020
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Chapter 4: Common Gynecologic Issues

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Essentials of Maternity, Newborn, and Women's Health Nursing, 5th Edition., Ricci, 2020 | Registered Nurse (RN) School Study Aid

Chapter 4: Common Gynecologic Issues
16 Picmonics to Learn | 31 mins
Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding
Assessment
Bimodal Age Distribution
Painless Vaginal Bleeding
Amenorrhea
Menorrhagia (Heavy Menstrual Bleeding)
Metrorrhagia (Bleeding Between Menses)
Interventions
Balloon Thermotherapy
Hormone Medications
Dilation and Curettage (DandC)
Considerations
Monitor for Anemia
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3 mins
Spontaneous Abortion Overview
Assessment
Bleeding < 20 weeks Gestation
Interventions
Identify Type
Bed Rest
Monitor for Hemorrhage
Save Pads and Linens
RhoGAM
Dilation and Curettage (DandC)
Cerclage
Emotional Support
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2 mins
Contraception
Indications
Preventing Unplanned Pregnancy
Barrier Methods
Spermicides
Diaphragm
Cervical Cap
Contraceptive Sponge
Male Condom
Hormonal Method
Oral Contraceptive
Intrauterine Device (IUD)
Injectable Progestins
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2 mins
Endometriosis
Cause
Endometrial Tissue Outside Uterus
Retrograde Menstrual Flow
Assessment
Dysmenorrhea
Cyclic Pelvic Pain
Irregular Vaginal Bleeding
Pain with Defecation
Dyspareunia
Interventions
Medications to Decrease Ovulation
NSAIDs
Surgery
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2 mins
Infertility
No Conception After 1 Year
Interventions
Artificial Insemination
In Vitro Fertilization (IVF)
Drug Therapy
Clomiphene Citrate (Clomid)
Menotropins
GnRH Agonists
Considerations
Treat Underlying Disorders
Emotional Support
Multiple Gestations
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3 mins
Menopause Symptoms
Symptoms
HAVOCS Mnemonic
Hot Flashes
Atrophy of Vagina
Osteoporosis
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
Sleep disturbances
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50 secs
Osteoporosis Assessment
Highest Risk
Postmenopausal Women
Long Term Corticosteroids
Assessment
Kyphosis
Dowager's Hump
Loss of Height
Back Pain
Pathologic Fractures
Spinal Compression Fracture
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1 min
Osteoporosis Interventions
Increased Calcium Intake
Vitamin D Supplements
Bisphosphonates
Raloxifene
Denosumab
Calcitonin
Teriparatide
Bone Densitometry (DEXA) Scan
Weight Bearing Exercises
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2 mins
Clomiphene
Indications
Infertility
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)
Mechanism of Action
Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator (SERM)
Hypothalamus
Estrogen Antagonist
Increased GnRH, LH and FSH Secretion
Induction of Ovulation
Side Effects
Multiple Gestations
Visual Disturbances
Hot Flashes
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2 mins
Cholecystitis Assessment
RUQ Pain
Referred Shoulder Pain
Clay Colored Stools
Jaundice
Nausea and Vomiting
Dyspepsia (Indigestion)
Fever
Considerations
Increased WBCs
Fatty or Spicy Foods
Ultrasound
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2 mins
Tamoxifen
Mechanism of Action
Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator (SERM)
Antagonist on Breast Tissue
Indications
ER-positive Breast Cancer
Side Effects
Decreased Risk of Osteoporosis
Increased Risk of Endometrial Cancer
Increased Risk of Venous Thromboembolism (VTE)
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1 min
Ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin)
Mechanisms
NSAID
COX Inhibitor
Indications
General Pain
Fever
Inflammatory Conditions
Side Effects
GI Ulcers
Nephrotoxicity
Rash
Considerations
Avoid with Alcohol
Risk of Thrombotic Event
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2 mins
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) Assessment
Mechanism
Untreated Cervicitis
Assessment
May Be Asymptomatic
Dysuria
Vaginal Discharge with Odor
Fever
Dyspareunia
Lower Abdominal Pain
Spotting
Cervical Motion Tenderness
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2 mins
Cervical Cancer Assessment
Cause/Mechanism
Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
Assessment
Metrorrhagia
Leukorrhea
Pain
Abnormal Pap Test
May Be Asymptomatic
Considerations
HPV Vaccine
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2 mins
Cervical Cancer Screening
Women Aged 21-65 Years
Pap Smear Every 3 Years
Women Aged 30-65 Years
Can Opt for Co-testing (Pap Smear + HPV Testing) Every 5 Years
Identify Lesions
High grade lesions
Cryotherapy
Loop Excision
Cold Knife Conization
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2 mins
Vaginitis
Cause/Mechanism
Infection
Postmenopausal Atrophy
Assessment
Vaginal Discharge
Pruritus
Interventions
Antifungals (Miconazole, Clotrimazole)
Antibiotics
Estrogen Hormones
Abstinence
Considerations
Good Hygiene
Recurrent Vaginitis
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2 mins

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