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Essentials of Maternity, Newborn, and Women's Health Nursing, 5th Edition., Ricci, 2020
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Chapter 19: Nursing Management of Pregnancy at Risk: Pregnancy-Related Complications

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Essentials of Maternity, Newborn, and Women's Health Nursing, 5th Edition., Ricci, 2020 | Registered Nurse (RN) School Study Aid

Chapter 19: Nursing Management of Pregnancy at Risk: Pregnancy-Related Complications
23 Picmonics to Learn | 48 mins
Spontaneous Abortion Overview
Assessment
Bleeding < 20 weeks Gestation
Interventions
Identify Type
Bed Rest
Monitor for Hemorrhage
Save Pads and Linens
RhoGAM
Dilation and Curettage (DandC)
Cerclage
Emotional Support
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2 mins
Dinoprostone and Misoprostol
Mechanism
Prostaglandins
Indications
Promote Cervical Ripening
Prevent GI Ulcers
Medical Abortion
Side Effects
Fetal Distress
Hyperstimulation of Uterus
Considerations
Vaginal Insertion
Give Before Induction of Labor
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2 mins
Eclampsia
Mechanism of Action
Increased Central Nervous System Irritability
Signs and Symptoms
Hyperreflexia
Positive Ankle Clonus
Headaches
Visual Disturbances
Epigastric or RUQ Pain
Seizures
Coma
Considerations
Don't Leave Bedside
Magnesium Sulfate
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2 mins
Preeclampsia Assessment
After 20 Weeks of Pregnancy
Mild
Hypertension > 140/90
Proteinuria or End-Organ Dysfunction
Severe
Hypertension > 160/110
Progressive Renal Insufficiency
Vision Changes
HELLP Syndrome
Pulmonary Edema
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2 mins
Ectopic Pregnancy
Signs and Symptoms
Lower Abdominal Pain
Delayed Menses
Abnormal Vaginal Bleeding
Shock
Referred Shoulder Pain
Cullen Sign
Considerations
Methotrexate
Surgery
RhoGAM
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2 mins
Lab and Diagnostic Tests During Pregnancy
Complete Blood Cell Count
Blood Typing
Rubella Titer
Hepatitis B
HIV Testing
Urinalysis
Diabetes
Pap Smears
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2 mins
Primary Hypertension Risk Factors
Excessive Alcohol Consumption
High Sodium Diet
Dyslipidemia
Obesity
People of African Descent
Advanced Age
Vitamin D Deficiency
Reduced Nephron Number
Diabetes
Lack of Physical Activity
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2 mins
Types of Seizures
Tonic-Clonic
Tonic
Clonic
Absence (Petit Mal)
Myoclonic
Atonic
Partial (Focal) Seizure
Focal Aware (Formerly Called Simple Partial)
Focal Impaired Awareness (Formerly Called Complex Partial)
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3 mins
Seizure Interventions
Maintain Airway
Side-lying Position
Support Head
Move to Floor
Benzodiazepines
Considerations
Never Restrain
No Objects in Mouth
Document Details
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2 mins
Seizure Precautions
Reduce Environmental Stimuli
Identify Triggers
Aura
Pad Side Rails
Bed Lowest Position
Oxygen and Suction Available
Consideration
Monitor Therapeutic Drug Levels
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2 mins
Incompetent Cervix
Mechanism
Premature Cervical Dilation
Assessment
Recurring Miscarriage
Short Cervix
Considerations
Cervical Cerclage
Rest
Labor
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1 min
Placenta Previa
Mechanism
Placenta Covers Cervical Os
Assessment
Painless
Bright Red Vaginal Bleeding
Interventions
Stable Fetus
Bed Rest
Observation
Unstable Fetus
C-section Delivery
Considerations
Risk for Shock
Magnesium Sulfate
Tocolysis
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3 mins
Placental Implantation Abnormalities
Mechanism
Placenta Adheres Directly to Myometrium
Placenta Accreta
Placenta Increta
Placenta Percreta
Caused by Scar Tissue
Hemorrhage
Diagnosis
Ultrasound is First-line, then MRI
Treatment
C-section Delivery
Artery Ligation or Embolization
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2 mins
Abruptio Placentae
Mechanism
Premature Separation of Placenta
Assessment
Tearing Pain
Bleeding (Often Concealed)
Rigid Uterus
Contractions
Interventions
Corticosteroids as Needed
Emergent Delivery
Considerations
Increased Risks for Neonate
Rh (Rhesus) Incompatibilities
Increased Risk for Shock
Monitor Fetal Heart Rate
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3 mins
Induction of Labor
Indications
Premature Rupture of Membranes
Danger to Fetus or Mother
Prolonged Gestation
Contraindications
Placenta Abnormalities
Transverse Fetal Position
Prolapsed Umbilical Cord
Active Genital Herpes Infection
Transfundal Uterine Incision
Hemorrhage
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3 mins
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) Interventions
Complications
Risk for Shock
Renal Failure
Interventions
Treat Underlying Cause
Manage Bleeding
Maintain Fluid and Hemodynamic Balance
Transfusion
Oxygenation
Heparin Drip
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2 mins
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) Assessment
Mechanism
Improper Initiation of Clotting Cascade
Signs and Symptoms
Systemic Bleeding
Petechiae, Purpura, Ecchymosis
Change in LOC
Increased PT and PTT
Cyanosis
Increased Fibrin Degradation Products (FDP)
Decreased Platelets and Fibrinogen
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2 mins
Hyperemesis Gravidarum
Signs and Symptoms
Excessive Vomiting
Significant Weight Loss
Dehydration
Hypotension
Electrolyte Imbalance
Interventions
Antiemetics
Frequent Small Meals
IV Therapy
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2 mins
Preeclampsia Interventions
Side Lying Position and Bedrest
Antihypertensives
Magnesium Sulfate
Labor Induction
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1 min
Severe Preeclampsia
Mechanism of Action
Vasospasm and Decreased Organ Perfusion
Intravascular Coagulation
Increased Permeability and Capillary Leakage
Signs and Symptoms
Hypertension
Proteinuria or End-Organ Dysfunction
HELLP Syndrome
Hepatic Dysfunction and Hemolysis
Elevated Liver Enzymes
Low Platelet Counts
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3 mins
Magnesium Sulfate
Mechanism
Muscle Relaxant
Indications
Preterm Labor Contractions
Preeclampsia
Side Effects
Warm Feeling
Hypotension
Decreased Deep Tendon Reflexes (DTRS)
Decreased Respiratory Rate
Decreased Urine Output
Paralytic Ileus
Antidote
Calcium Gluconate
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2 mins
Blood Types
Allele A is Dominant
Allele B is Dominant
Allele O is Recessive
Genotypes AA and AO have Type A Blood
Genotypes BB and BO have Type B Blood
Genotype AB is co-dominant and has Type AB Blood
Genotype OO Results in Type O Blood
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2 mins
Blood Types and Compatibilities
ABO Compatibility
No Antigens (Type O Blood)
Universal Donor
A Antigen (Type A Blood)
B Antigen (Type B Blood)
AB Antigen (Type AB Blood)
Universal Recipient
Rhesus (Rh) Compatibility
Rh (Rhesus) Antigen
Never Rh+ to Rh-
Considerations
Blood Transfusion
Obstetric Patient
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2 mins

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