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HESI®-RN Comprehensive Review | Registered Nurse (RN) School Study Aid
Test-Taking Strategies
73 Picmonics to Learn | 2 hrs 16 mins
The Nursing Process
- ADPIE
- Assessment
- Diagnosis
- Planning
- Implementation
- Evaluation
2 mins
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
- Physiological Needs
- Oxygen, Water, Nutrition
- Body temperature, Elimination, Shelter, Sexual Expression
- Safety and Security
- Physical Safety
- Physiological Safety
- Love and Belonging
- Affection and Companionship
- Esteem
- Self Respect and Respect for Others
- Self Actualization
- Fulfillment
2 mins
Airway, Breathing, Circulation (ABC's)
- Airway Assessment
- Changed Sound of Voice
- "See-saw" Respirations
- Stridor
- Breathing Assessment
- Normal Respiratory Rate: 12–20 Breaths/Min
- Use of Accessory Muscles in Respiration
- Cyanosis
- Circulation Assessment
- Color of Hands and Digits
- Normal Capillary Refill Time (CRT): 2 Seconds
- Decreased LOC
- Considerations
- Initial ‘Look, Listen and Feel” Assessment
- Emergency Treatment
- Prioritization in Exam Questions
5 mins
How to Use ADPIE for Exam Questions
- ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS
- Data Collection
- NURSING DIAGNOSIS QUESTIONS
- Data Analysis
- PLANNING QUESTIONS
- Plan of Care
- INTERVENTION QUESTIONS
- Action or Intervening
- EVALUATION QUESTIONS
- Outcomes of Care
- STEPS
- Read Entire Question
- Identify Step in the Nursing Process
- Eliminate Answer Choices; Choose the Best Answer
3 mins
Strategic Words
- WORDS THAT REFLECT THE NEED TO PRIORITIZE
- First/Initial/Early
- Highest Priority
- Most Appropriate
- WORDS THAT REFLECT THE NEED TO ASSESS
- Assess
- Collect/Gather
- Identify
- WORDS THAT REFLECT THE NEED TO INTERVENE
- Action/Intervention
- OPEN-ENDED WORDS
- Normally/Generally
- CLOSED-ENDED WORDS
- Always/Never/None
3 mins
Guidelines for Prioritizing
- First-level priority problems
- Airway, Breathing, Circulation (ABCs)
- Second-level Priority Problems
- MAA-U-AR
- Mental Status Change
- Acute Pain
- Acute Urinary Elimination Problems
- Untreated Medical Problems
- Abnormal Laboratory Values
- Risk of Infection, Safety or Security
- Third-Level Priority Problems
- Long-Term Treatments
2 mins
How to Use Prioritization in Exam Questions
- Prioritize First
- Airway
- Breathing
- Circulation
- Prioritize Second
- Change in LOC (Altered Mental Status)
- Sepsis
- Acute Pain
- Untreated Medical Problems
- Prioritize Third
- Education
- Feelings
- Patient Waiting to be Discharged
- Test-taking Strategies
- Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
3 mins
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) for Adults
- Steps Before CPR
- Scan Scene
- Activate Emergency Response System
- Check For Breathing (Max 10 Seconds)
- Open Airway
- Compressions, Airway, Breathing (CAB)
- Compressions: 2 Inches Deep (100-120 Compressions/Min)
- Airway: Ensure Airway is Still Open
- Breathing: Administer 2 Rescue Breaths
- Considerations
- Repeat C-A-B Sequence (30:2) Until Help Arrives
3 mins
Registered Nurse Roles
- Nursing Roles in All Settings
- Caregiver
- Counselor
- Educator/Teacher
- Communicator
- Advocate
- Leader
- Researcher
- Collaborator
2 mins
Age 2 Months - Developmental Milestones
- Gross Motor
- Holds Head Up, But Unsteady
- Fine Motor
- Tracks Objects to the Midline
- Language
- Coos
- Social / Cognitive
- Social Smile
- Recognizes Parents
1 min
Age 4 Months - Developmental Milestones
- Gross Motor
- Sits With Support
- Rooting Reflex Disappears
- Moro Reflex Disappears
- Fine Motor
- Reaches Across Midline
- Language
- Turns to Voice
- Laughs
- Social / Cognitive
- Enjoys Looking Around
2 mins
Age 6 Months - Developmental Milestones
- Gross Motor
- Palmar Reflex Disappears
- Sits Propped Up On Hands
- Rolls
- Fine Motor
- Transfers Objects Hands to Hands
- Raking Grasp
- Language
- Babbles
- Responds to Name
- Social / Cognitive
- Stranger Anxiety Develops
2 mins
Age 9 Months - Developmental Milestones
- Gross Motor
- Pulls to Stand
- Starts Cruising
- Fine Motor
- Three-Finger Pincer Grasp
- Holds Bottle or Cup
- Language
- Starts Sounding "Mama" or "Dada"
- Social / Cognitive
- Waves Bye
- Separation Anxiety
- Plays Pat-A-Cake
2 mins
Age 1 Year - Developmental Milestones
- Gross Motor
- Stands Well
- First Steps
- Throws Ball
- Points to Objects
- Babinski Reflex Disappears
- Fine Motor
- Two-Finger Pincer Grasp
- Language
- "Mama & Dada"
- Social / Cognitive
- One-Step Commands with Gesture
2 mins
Age 18 Months - Developmental Milestones
- Gross Motor
- Climbs Up Stairs
- Runs
- Fine Motor
- Stacks Three Blocks
- Eats with Spoon
- Removes Clothing
- Language
- 10-25 Word Vocabulary
- Social / Cognitive
- “Mine”
- Pretend Play
2 mins
Age 2 Years - Developmental Milestones
- Gross Motor
- Jumps
- Fine Motor
- Copies a Line
- Stacks Six Blocks
- Turns Pages
- Language
- Two-Word Phrases
- Half of Speech is Understandable
- 200 Words by Age 2
- Social / Cognitive
- Parallel Play
- Begins Toilet Training
- Rapprochement
2 mins
Age 3 Years - Developmental Milestones
- Gross Motor
- Walks Up/Down Steps with Alternating Feet
- Rides Tricycle
- Fine Motor
- Stack Nine Block Tower
- Copies Circle
- Uses Utensils
- Language
- Three-Word Sentences
- 75% Speech Understood by Stranger
- Social / Cognitive
- Knows Gender / Age
2 mins
Age 4 Years - Developmental Milestones
- Gross Motor
- Hop on One Foot
- Fine Motor
- Copies Square
- Uses Fork Well
- Language
- 100% Speech Understandable
- Identifies Colors
- Social/ Cognitive
- Cooperative Play
- Imaginary Friends
2 mins
Age 5 Years - Developmental Milestones
- Gross Motor
- Skips
- Walks Backward
- Fine Motor
- Copies Triangle
- Ties Shoelaces
- Independent Dressing / Bathing
- Prints Letters
- Language
- Counts to 10
- Five-word Sentences
- Friends
- Social / Cognitive
- Uses Toilet Independently
2 mins
Erikson’s Theory Of Psychosocial Development - Stage 8 (Older Adult)
- Age
- Older Adult (65+ to Death)
- Basic Conflict
- Integrity vs. Despair
- Important Events
- Reflection on Life
- Virtue
- Wisdom
1 min
Fire - Environmental Emergencies
- R.A.C.E
- Rescue
- Alarm
- Confine
- Extinguish
- P.A.S.S.
- Nursing Considerations
- Fire Exits
- Do Not Use Elevators
- Manual Ventilation
2 mins
FEMA Levels of Disaster
- Levels of Disaster
- Level I Disaster
- Level II Disaster
- Level III Disaster
- Nurse's Role In Disaster Planning
- Personal and Professional Preparedness
2 mins
Triage
- Simple Triage And Rapid Treatment (START)
- Tags
- Red: Immediate (Critical)
- Yellow: Delayed (Urgent)
- Green: Minor (Ambulatory)
- Black: Deceased (Expired)
- Step 1: Movement
- Ability to Walk
- Step 2: Respirations
- Spontaneous Breathing
- Respiratory Rate
- Step 3: Perfusion
- Check Circulation
- Step 4: Mental Status
- Mental Status
4 mins
Pediatric Vaccinations - Age 2 Months
- 2 B DR HIP
- Hepatitis B
- DTaP - Diphtheria Tetanus acellular Pertussis
- RV - Rotavirus
- HiB - Haemophilus Influenzae Type B
- IPV - Inactivated Polio Vaccine
- PCV - Pneumococcal
1 min
Pediatric Vaccinations - Age 4 Months
- 4 DR HIP
- DTaP - Diphtheria Tetanus acellular pertussis
- RV - Rotavirus
- HiB - Haemophilus Influenzae Type B
- IPV - Inactivated Polio Vaccine
- PCV - Pneumococcal
1 min
Pediatric Vaccinations - Age 6 Months
- B DR HIP In 6 Months
- Hepatitis B
- DTaP - Diphtheria Tetanus acellular pertussis
- RV - Rotavirus
- HiB - Haemophilus Influenzae Type B
- IPV - Inactivated Polio Vaccine
- PCV - Pneumococcal
- Influenza
2 mins
Pediatric Vaccinations - Age 12 to 15 Months
- 1 Very MAD HIP-ster
- Varicella Zoster
- MMR
- Hepatitis A
- DTaP - Diphtheria Tetanus acellular pertussis
- HiB - Haemophilus Influenzae Type B
- IPV - Inactivated Polio Vaccine
- PCV - Pneumococcal
2 mins
Pediatric Vaccinations Age 4-6 Years
- Very DIM between 4-6pm
- Varicella Zoster
- DTaP - Diphtheria Tetanus acellular pertussis
- IPV - Inactivated Polio Vaccine
- MMR
1 min
Fetal Circulation
- Placenta
- Umbilical Vein
- Ductus Venosus
- Right Atrium
- Foramen Ovale
- Left Atrium
- Aorta
- Right Ventricle
- Ductus Arteriosus
- Umbilical Arteries
2 mins
Discomforts of Pregnancy - First Trimester
- Breast Tenderness
- Supportive Bra
- Nausea and Vomiting
- Frequent Small Meals
- Urinary Frequency and Urgency
- Frequently Empty Bladder
- Leukorrhea
- Perineal Pad
- Ptyalism
2 mins
Discomforts of Pregnancy - Second Trimester
- Supine Hypotension
- Side-lying Position
- Food Cravings
- Heartburn (Pyrosis)
- Constipation
- Moderate Exercise
- Varicose Veins
- Elevate Legs
- Backache
- Pelvic Tilt Exercise
- Considerations
- Nutrition
2 mins
Discomforts of Pregnancy - Third Trimester
- Shortness of Breath (SOB)
- Rest Periods
- Return of Urinary Frequency and Urgency
- Empty Bladder Regularly
- Leg Cramps
- Stretching Exercises
- Ankle Edema
- Elevate Legs
2 mins
Principles of Delegation
- Delegation
- Assigning Responsibility
- Unlicensed Assistive Personnel (UAP)
- Noninvasive Procedures
- Licensed Practical Nurse (LPN)
- Stable Patients with Predictable Outcome
- Dressing Changes
- Catheterization
- Select Med Administration
- Registered Nursing (RN)
- Unstable Patients
- Parenteral Therapy
- Discharge Planning & Health Education
3 mins
5 Rights of Delegation
- Right Task
- Right Circumstance
- Right Person
- Right Direction/Communication
- Right Supervision/Evaluation
1 min
Ethical Principles
- Principles of Nurses
- Autonomy
- Beneficence
- Nonmaleficence
- Justice
- Fidelity
- Veracity
- Accountability
- History on Nursing Ethical Principles
- Nightingale Pledge
3 mins
Nursing Code of Ethics
- Nursing Code of Ethics
- Ethical Principles
- Nurse to Patient
- Nurse to Nurse
- Nurse to Self
- Nurse to Others
- Nurse to Profession
- Nurse to Society
2 mins
NANDA Structure
- NANDA-I and Nursing Diagnoses
- NANDA-International (NANDA-I)
- Nursing Diagnoses
- Components of a Nursing Diagnoses
- Problem and Definition
- Etiology
- Defining Characteristics
- Risk Factors
- Nursing Diagnoses Domains
- Domains
3 mins
Hemoglobin (Hgb) Lab Values
- Men: 13 - 17 g/dL
- Women: 12 - 16 g/dL
47 secs
Hematocrit (Hct) Lab Values
- Women: 36% - 46%
- Men: 41% - 53%
1 min
WBC Differential Lab Value
- White Blood Cells (WBC)
- 5-10 (5,000-10,000)
- Leukocyte Differential
- Neutrophils (50%-70%)
- Bands (2%-5%)
- Segs (50%-70%)
- Lymphocytes (20%-40%)
- Monocytes (4%-8%)
- Eosinophils (2%-4%)
- Basophils (0.5%-1.5%)
2 mins
Red Blood Cell Count (RBC) Lab Values
- Women: 3.5-5.5 million cells/ MuL
- Men: 4.3-5.9 million cells/ MuL
1 min
Platelet Lab Value
- 150,000-400,000 Micro L
40 secs
Potassium (K+) Lab Value
- 3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L
20 secs
Sodium (Na+) Lab Value
- 135-145 mEq/L
24 secs
Calcium (Ca2+) Lab Value
- 8.5 to 10.5 mg/dL
26 secs
Magnesium (Mg2+) Lab Value
- 1.5 to 2.5 mEq/L
28 secs
Chloride (Cl-) Lab Value
- 95-105 mEq/L
28 secs
Phosphate (PO43-) Lab Value
- 2.5 to 4.5 mg/dL
29 secs
BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen) Lab Values
- 10-20 mg/dL
40 secs
pH - Blood and Urine Lab Value
- Blood
- 7.35 - 7.45
- Urine
- 4.0 - 8.0
1 min
PT/PTT Lab Values
- Prothrombin Time (PT)
- 10-14 seconds
- Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (PTT or aPTT)
- 25-35 seconds
1 min
Hypernatremia
- Assessment
- > 145 mEq/L Na+
- Change in LOC
- Extreme Thirst
- Orthostatic Hypotension
- Dry Flushed Skin
- Muscle Twitching
- Seizures
- Priority Interventions
- Treat and Prevent Dehydration
- Hypotonic Solutions (0.225% or 0.45% NaCl)
- Sodium Restriction
- Diuretics
2 mins
Hyponatremia
- Assessment
- < 135 mEq Na+
- Nausea and Vomiting
- Decreased LOC
- Confusion / Lethargy
- Seizures
- Priority Interventions
- Assess Airway
- Reduce Diuretic Dosage
- Fluid Excess Hyponatremia
- Mannitol (Osmitrol)
- Fluid Restriction
- Fluid Deficit Hyponatremia
- Hypertonic Solution (3% or 5% NaCl)
2 mins
Hyperkalemia
- Assessment
- > 5.0 mEq/L K+
- Abdominal Cramps
- Muscle Weakness
- Diarrhea
- Arrhythmia
- Tall, Peaked T Waves
- Interventions
- IV Calcium
- Infusion of Glucose and Insulin
- Loop or Thiazide Diuretics
- Kayexalate
- Dialysis
- Prevention Education
2 mins
Hypokalemia
- Assessment
- < 3.5 mEq/L
- Muscle Weakness
- Arrhythmia
- U Wave
- Ileus
- Hyporeflexia
- Interventions
- IV K+ Infusion at 5-10 mEq/hr
- Give Orally with Food
- Nursing Considerations
- Monitor Respiratory Status
3 mins
Hypocalcemia Causes
- Hypoalbuminemia
- Hypomagnesemia (Less Common Hypermagnesemia)
- Hypovitaminosis D
- Hypoparathyroidism
- Medications
- Hyperphosphatemia
- Malnutrition
- Acute Pancreatitis
- Alkalosis
- Sepsis
- Chronic Kidney Disease
2 mins
Iron (Ferrous Sulfate)
- Mechanism
- Ferrous Salts
- Indications
- Anemia
- Side Effects
- GI Distress
- Nausea and Vomiting
- Dark Stools
- Considerations
- Take Between Meals
- Liquid can Stain Teeth
- Keep out of Reach from Children
- Caution with GI Disorders
- Avoid Antacids
3 mins
Vitamin K1 (Phytonadione)
- Mechanism
- Synthesizes Clotting Factors II, VII, IX, X
- Indications
- Hypoprothrombinemia
- Newborn Prophylaxis
- Bleeding from Warfarin Overdose
- Side Effects
- Shock
- Kernicterus
- Cardiac Arrest
- Considerations
- Bile Salts required for Intestinal Absorption
- Increased Risks with IV Administration
2 mins
Total Protein Lab Values
- 6.4 - 8.3 g/dL
1 min
Therapeutic Diets
- Common Therapeutic Diets
- High Fiber
- Low Residue (Fiber)
- Low Sodium
- Low Cholesterol
- Diabetic
- Renal
- Dysphagia
- Nursing Considerations
- Diet Education
2 mins
Diet Progression
- Types of Diets
- Clear Liquid
- Full Liquid
- Pureed
- Mechanical Soft
- Low Residue (Fiber)
- High Fiber
- Regular
1 min
Prenatal Nutrition
- Prenatal Vitamins
- Iron Supplement 30 mg Daily
- Folate/Folic Acid 400 mcg Daily
- Appropriate Weight Gain Recommendations
- 340 Calorie Increase
- 25 gram Protein Increase
- Foods and Substances to Avoid
- Coffee, Alcohol, Tobacco
- Fish Containing High Mercury Levels
3 mins
Dialysis
- Hemodialysis
- Rapid Shifts of Fluid and Electrolytes
- Disequilibrium Syndrome
- Hypotension
- NO BP IN ARM with Shunt or Fistula
- Assess for Thrill and Bruit
- Peritoneal Dialysis
- Slow Process
- Peritonitis
- Loss of Protein
- Hyperglycemia
3 mins
Burns Considerations
- Maintain Body Temperature
- Increased Risk of Infection
- Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) Prophylaxis
- Curling's Ulcer
- Excision and Grafting
- Adequate Nutrition
- Contractures
2 mins
Burns Interventions
- Ensure Airway Patency
- O2
- IV Fluid Replacement
- Dry Sterile Dressing
- Debridement
- Elevate Burned Limbs
- Analgesics
- Silver Sulfadiazine
- Escharotomy
2 mins
Food Allergies and Restrictions
- Gluten-Free
- Lactose-Free
- Plant-Based
- Diabetic and Sugar-Free
- Nut Allergy
- Soy Allergy
4 mins
6 Rights of Medication Administration
- Right Patient
- Right Medication
- Right Dose
- Right Time
- Right Route
- Right Documentation
- Nursing Considerations
- Three Checks
- Check for Allergies
- Assess the Patient
- Education
2 mins
Liver Enzyme Tests: AST and ALT
- AST/ALT Ratio
- AST: 8-20 U/L
- ALT: 8-20 U/L
1 min
Vital Signs - Adult
- Temperature (96.8-100.4 Degrees F) (36-38 Degrees C)
- Rectal
- Tympanic
- Oral
- Axillary
- Temporal
- Respiration (12-20)
- Oxygen Saturation (95%-100%)
- Pulse (60-100)
- Blood Pressure (<120/80)
- Pain
2 mins
Peak and Trough
- Peak
- Highest Concentration
- Trough
- Lowest Level of Therapeutic Range
- Obtain Before Next Dose
- Half-Life
2 mins
Evaluation
- Consider the Effectiveness of Care
- Reassess
- Make Necessary Modifications
- Continuously Ensure Favorable Patient Outcome
- TEST-TAKING STRATEGY: KEY WORDS
- Evaluate
- Outcome
- Consider the Degree of Effectiveness
2 mins
Patient Needs
- Latex Allergy Risk Factors
- Allergy to Banana, Papaya, Chestnuts and Kiwi
- Asthma
- Spina Bifida
- History of Multiple Surgical Procedures
- Fall Prevention
- Call Light within Reach
- Eliminate Physical Hazards
- Leave Items within Reach
- Bed in Low Position
- Side Rails Up
- Test-Taking Strategies
- Patient Safety
- Health Promotion and Maintenance
- Psychosocial Integrity
3 mins
Patient’s Rights
- Patient’s Rights When Hospitalized
- Respectful Care
- Information
- Consent or Refuse Treatment
- Continuity of Care
- Privacy and Confidentiality
- Medical Record Review
- Consent or Refuse Part in Research
- Health Alternatives
- Explanation of Charges and Bills
3 mins
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