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Registered Nurse (RN)
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ATI®
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Pharmacology
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Antiepileptics

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Pharmacology | Registered Nurse (RN) School Study Aid

Antiepileptics
13 Picmonics to Learn | 22 mins
Phenobarbital (Barbiturates)
Mechanism
Barbiturate
Indications
Seizures
Side Effects
Ataxia
Paradoxical Excitement
Fatigue/Drowsiness
Considerations
Monitor Plasma Levels
High Potential for Abuse
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1 min
Lamotrigine (Lamictal)
Mechanism
Blocks Na+ Channels
Indications
Seizures
Bipolar Disorder
Side Effects
Diplopia
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
Headache
Aseptic Meningitis
Nausea and Vomiting
Considerations
Screen for Suicide Risk
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2 mins
Phenytoin (Dilantin)
Mechanism
Blocks Na+ Channels
Indications
Tonic-clonic Seizures
Side Effects
Ataxia
Nystagmus
Sedation
Gingival Hyperplasia
Purple Glove Syndrome
Hirsutism
Rash
Anemia
Considerations
Individualized Dosing
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2 mins
Risperidone (Risperdal)
Mechanism
Atypical Antipsychotic
Indications
Schizophrenia
Bipolar Mania
Autism-Associated Irritability
Side Effects
Extrapyramidal Symptoms
Hyperprolactinemia
Gynecomastia
Galactorrhea
Amenorrhea
Prolonged QT
Considerations
Intramuscular Long Acting (Depot) Form
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2 mins
Valproic Acid (Depakote)
Mechanism
Blocks Na+ Channels
Increases GABA Concentration
Indications
Tonic-clonic Seizures
Bipolar Disorder
Migraine Prophylaxis
Side Effects
Hepatotoxicity
Blood Dyscrasias
GI Distress
Tremor
Pancreatitis
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1 min
Valproic Acid (Valproate) Side Effects
V-A-L-P-R-O-A-T-E
Vomiting
Alopecia
Liver Toxicity
Pancreatitis/Pancytopenia
Retain Fat (Weight Gain)
Oedema (Edema)
Appetite Increase
Tremor
Enzyme Inhibitor (P450)
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2 mins
Carbamazepine (Tegretol)
Mechanism
Inactivates Na+ Channels
Indications
Seizures
Bipolar Disorder
Trigeminal Neuralgia
Side Effects
Nystagmus
Ataxia
Hepatotoxicity
Blood Dyscrasias
Water Retention
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
Considerations
Avoid Grapefruit Juice
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2 mins
Ethosuximide (Zarontin)
Indications
First Line Absence Seizure
Mechanism of Action
Blocks Thalamic T-Type Ca2+ Channels
Side Effects
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
Fatigue
Diarrhea
Blood Dyscrasias
Considerations
Do Not Stop Abruptly
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2 mins
Benztropine (Cogentin)
Mechanism
Anticholinergic
Indications
Parkinson's Disease
Acute Dystonia
Side Effects
Mydriasis
Dry Mouth
Urinary Retention
Tachycardia
Constipation
Psychosis
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1 min
Short-acting Benzodiazepines
Mnemonic
ATOM
Drug Names
Alprazolam
Triazolam
Oxazepam
Midazolam
Indications
Anesthesia Induction
Insomnia
Anxiety
Considerations
Half-life < 12 Hours
Dependence
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2 mins
Long-acting Benzodiazepines
Drug Names
Lorazepam
Diazepam
Clonazepam
Chlordiazepoxide
Indications
Insomnia
Anxiety
Seizures
Eclampsia
Alcohol Withdrawal
Considerations
Half-life > 24 Hours
Dependence
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3 mins
Topiramate
Indications
Seizure Treatment
Migraine Prophylaxis
Mechanism of Action
Increase GABA Action
Blocks Voltage-Gated Na+ Channels
Side Effects
Kidney Stones
Weight Loss
Sedation
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1 min
Pregabalin (Lyrica)
Mechanism
GABA Analog
Indications
Seizures
Neuropathic Pain
Fibromyalgia
Side Effects
Headache
Dizziness
Somnolence (Fatigue)
Weight Gain
Angioedema
Rhabdomyolysis
Considerations
Dependence
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1 min

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