Ace Your Master The Boards USMLE Step 2 CK, 3E Classes and Exams with Picmonic: #1 Visual Mnemonic Study Tool for Medical (MD/DO) Students
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Master The Boards USMLE Step 2 CK, 3E | Medical (MD/DO) School Study Aid
Calcium Correction for Hypoalbuminemia
- 0.8 * (Normal Albumin - Patient Albumin) + Calcium
- Steps
- Multiply * 0.8
- Subtract (Normal Albumin - Patient Albumin)
- Add Calcium
1 min
Primary Hyperparathyroidism
- Assessment
- Hypercalcemia
- Kidney Stones
- Osteoporosis
- Arrhythmias
- Diagnostic Tests
- Increased Calcium and Decreased Phosphorus
- Considerations
- Prevent Injury
- Medication Education
- Surgery
1 min
Hypocalcemia Causes
- Hypoalbuminemia
- Hypomagnesemia (Less Common Hypermagnesemia)
- Hypovitaminosis D
- Hypoparathyroidism
- Medications
- Hyperphosphatemia
- Malnutrition
- Acute Pancreatitis
- Alkalosis
- Sepsis
- Chronic Kidney Disease
2 mins
Hypocalcemia
- Assessment
- < 8.5 mg/dL Ca2+
- Decreased Bone Density
- Muscle Spasms
- Tetany
- Chvostek's Sign
- Trousseau's Sign
- Increased DTR
- ECG Changes
- QT Prolongation
- Considerations
- Oral and IV Replacement of Ca2+
- Seizure Precautions
2 mins
Hypocalcemia Treatments
- Treat Underlying Disorder
- Acute Treatments
- IV Calcium Gluconate
- Cardioprotective
- Chronic Treatments
- Calcium Carbonate
- Calcium Citrate
- Vitamin D Supplements
- Considerations
- Treat Hypomagnesemia
2 mins
Hypomagnesemia
- Assessment
- Confusion
- Increased Deep Tendon Reflexes (DTRs)
- Neuromuscular Irritability
- Seizures
- Muscle Cramps
- Tremors
- Insomnia
- Tachycardia
- Interventions
- Magnesium Sulfate
- Foods High in Magnesium
1 min
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