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Medicine (MD/DO)
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USMLE Step 1
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Neurology, Ophthalmology & Otology
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Fundamentals of Nervous System Physiology

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Neurology, Ophthalmology & Otology | Medicine (MD/DO) School Study Aid

Fundamentals of Nervous System Physiology
6 Picmonics to Learn | 11 mins
Electrical Synapse
Characteristics
Cardiac and Smooth Muscle Location
Fast Transmission
Bidirectional
Presynaptic Na+ Floods Through Gap Junction
Na+ Influx Initiates Postsynaptic Action Potential
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2 mins
Chemical Synapse
Voltage-Gated Calcium Channels Open
Ca2+ Influx
Vesicle-Membrane Fusion
Exocytosis of Neurotransmitter
Neurotransmitter Binds Post-Synaptic Receptors
Neurotransmitter Breakdown
Neurotransmitter Reuptake
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1 min
Neuron Resting Potential
Characteristics
More Na+ Outside
Sodium-Potassium Pump
K+ Leaks Out
More K+ Inside
About -70mV
Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels are Closed
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2 mins
Neuron Action Potential Initiation
Characteristics
Summation of Signals
-50 mV Threshold Value Reached
Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels Open
Local Depolarization
Na+ Influx
Potassium Channels open
Repolarization
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2 mins
Neuron Action Potential Propagation
Characteristics
Unidirectional Depolarization
Absolute Refractory Period In Preceding Na+ Channels
Neighboring Voltage Gate Channels Open
Nodes of Ranvier
Myelination Increases Propagation Speed
Saltatory Conduction
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3 mins
Autonomic Nervous System
Characteristics
Sympathetic Nervous System
Fight or Flight
All Preganglionic Neurons Release Acetylcholine
Sympathetic Postganglionic Neurons Release Norepinephrine
Antagonistic Effects of Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Nervous Systems
Parasympathetic Nervous System
Rest and Digest
Parasympathetic Postganglionic Neurons Release Acetylcholine
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2 mins

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