Staphylococcus aureus Characteristics
- Gram-Positive
 - Cocci
 - Catalase-Positive
 - Coagulase-Positive
 - Beta-Hemolytic
 - Protein A Virulence Factor
 - Inhibits Phagocytosis
 - MRSA
 - Resistant to Beta Lactams Due to Altered Penicillin Binding Proteins (PBPs)
 
Staphylococcus aureus Disease
- Skin Infections
 - Impetigo
 - Abscesses
 - Exfoliative Toxin
 - Scalded Skin Syndrome
 - Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSST 1)
 - Binds to MHC II and T Cell Receptor
 - Food Poisoning
 - Acute Bacterial Endocarditis
 - Pneumonia
 - Osteomyelitis
 
Staphylococcus saprophyticus
- Gram-Positive
 - Cocci
 - Catalase-Positive
 - Coagulase-Negative
 - Novobiocin-Resistant
 - Urease-Positive
 - Urinary Tract Infections (UTI's)
 
Staphylococcus epidermidis
- Cocci
 - Gram-Positive
 - Catalase-Positive
 - Urease-Positive
 - Coagulase-Negative
 - Novobiocin-Sensitive
 - Component of Normal Skin Flora
 - Infects Prosthetic Devices and IV Catheters
 - Contaminates Blood Cultures
 - Produces Adherent Biofilms
 
Streptococcus Pneumoniae Characteristics
- Gram-Positive
 - Diplococci
 - Lancet-Shaped
 - Catalase-Negative
 - Optochin-Sensitive
 - Bile Soluble
 - Alpha-Hemolytic
 - Polysaccharide Capsule
 - Positive Quellung Reaction
 - IgA Protease
 
Streptococcus Pneumoniae Disease
- Sickle Cell Anemia
 - Sepsis in Patients with Splenectomy
 - Rusty Sputum
 - MOPS
 - Meningitis
 - Otitis Media
 - Pneumonia
 - Sinusitis
 
Streptococcus pyogenes Characteristics
- Group A Streptococci (GAS)
 - Gram-Positive
 - Cocci
 - Beta-Hemolytic
 - Catalase-Negative
 - Bacitracin-Sensitive
 - Hyaluronic Acid Capsule
 - Streptolysin O
 - DNase
 - Streptokinase
 - Exotoxin A
 - Pyrrolidonyl Arylamidase (PYR) Positive
 
Streptococcus Pyogenes Disease
- Pyogenic
 - Pyogenic Pharyngitis
 - Impetigo
 - Cellulitis
 - Toxigenic
 - Toxic Shock-Like Syndrome
 - Scarlet Fever
 - Sandpaper Rash
 - Strawberry Tongue
 - Immunologic
 - Rheumatic Fever
 - Antibodies to M Protein
 - Acute Glomerulonephritis (Post Streptococcal Glomerulonephritis)
 
Streptococcus agalactiae
- Group B Streptococci
 - Gram-Positive
 - Cocci
 - Beta-Hemolytic
 - Bacitracin-Resistant
 - Catalase-Negative
 - Pyrrolidonyl Arylamidase (PYR) Negative
 - Polysaccharide Capsule
 - Hippurate Positive (+)
 - Produces CAMP Factor
 - Enlarges Area of Hemolysis by S. aureus
 - Mainly in Babies
 - Meningitis
 - Pneumonia
 - Sepsis
 - Colonizes Vagina
 - Screen Pregnant Women at 35-37 Weeks
 - Penicillin
 
Streptococcus viridans
- Gram-Positive
 - Cocci
 - Catalase-Negative
 - Alpha-Hemolytic
 - Optochin-Resistant
 - Not Bile Soluble
 - Normal Flora of Oropharynx
 - Synthesize Dextrans from Sucrose
 - Dental Caries
 - Subacute Bacterial Endocarditis
 
Enterococci
- Gram-Positive Cocci
 - Catalase Negative
 - 6.5% NaCl
 - Grows in Bile
 - Normal Colonic Flora
 - Urinary Tract Infection
 - Subacute Endocarditis
 - Penicillin Resistant
 - VRE (Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci)
 
Streptococcus Bovis
- Group D Streptococci
 - Catalase-Negative
 - Gram Positive Cocci
 - Does Not Grow in 6.5% NaCl
 - Grows in Bile
 - Endocarditis
 - Bacteremia Associated with Liver Disease
 - Bacteremia Associated with Colon Cancer