Hereditary Spherocytosis Disease
- Northern Europeans
- Autosomal Dominant
- Spectrin/Ankyrin Deficiency
- Spherocyte Formation
- Hemolytic Anemia
- Bilirubin Gallstones
- Jaundice
- Splenomegaly
Hereditary Spherocytosis Diagnosis & Treatment
- Increased MCHC
- Spherocytes
- Normocytic Anemia
- Eosin-5-Maleimide (EMA) Binding Test
- Osmotic Fragility Test
- Glycerol Lysis Test
- Folic Acid
- Splenectomy
Warm Agglutinin Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (W-AIHA)
- Most Common Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
- IgG Coats RBCs at Warm Temperatures
- Fc Portion of IgG Recognized By Macrophages
- Extravascular Hemolysis
- Medications
- Alpha Methyldopa
- Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
- Positive Coombs Test
- Corticosteroids
- Splenectomy
- Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIG)
- Rituximab
Cold Agglutinin Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (C-AIHA)
- IgM Binds to RBCs at Cold Temperatures (28-31C)
- Extravascular Hemolysis
- Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia
- Mycoplasma Pneumoniae
- Infectious Mononucleosis
- Lymphomas and CLL
- Acrocyanosis with Cold Exposure
- Blue Fingers and Toes
- Positive Coombs Test
- Avoid Cold
- Rituximab
- +/- Fludarabine
Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria (PNH)
- Defective PIG-A Gene
- Deficiency of DAF (Decay Accelerating Factor CD55)
- Dark Urine in the Morning
- Intravascular Hemolysis
- Thrombosis
- Decreased CD55 and CD59
- RBC Transfusion
- Eculizumab
- Bone Marrow Transplant is Curative