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Master Model of Sensation and Perception with Picmonic for College

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The model of sensation and perception describes how we process physical stimuli in the environment. Vision is different from hearing, which is different from touch, but all of these perceptions have commonalities in how they are processed. First an object exists in the environment, and information from that object reaches the perceiver, who has specialized receptor cells. These special receptor cells engage in transduction, sending neural impulses to sensory nerves of the brain, going to projection areas. These signals are processed further, going to different parts of the brain before we have the perceptual experience of the object in the environment.

8 KEY FACTS

Information from the object in the environment will first be processed by the person perceiving it. First, the object has to exist in the environment.

Information then reaches the perceiver. In the case of vision, light is reflected off of the object and the information goes into the eyes.

The particular sense organ then relays information to specialized receptor cells. In the case of vision, the eye then gets information to specialized receptor cells that respond to light energy.

The receptor cells take part in a crucial step, called transduction. Transduction is the process by which receptor cells change environmental energy into neural impulses that can be sent through the nervous system.

Once transduction occurs, neural impulses are relayed along sensory nerves to the brain, which then engages in further processing of the signal.

The projection areas of the brain are areas in the cortex where information is first sent. In the case of vision, the neural impulses are first sent to the primary visual cortex, which is located in the occipital lobes of the brain.

The signal is then relayed to other parts of the brain for additional processing of the signal. With vision, for example, it is thought that there are more than 30 cortical areas involved in visual processing.

All of these different sensory attributes, when linked together, lead to the perceptual experience of the object in the environment. In the case of vision, it is this entire neural process, stemming from light energy hitting receptor cells in the eye, that leads to the perceptual experience of viewing an object.

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