Vygotsky proposed that each person is responsible for the progress of the whole society, with a focus on social cooperation and support.
He described the zone of proximal development as the difference between the level of actual development and the level of potential development. In essence, the ZPD shows the difference in intelligence between what the person can do without help and what the person can do with help from another adult.
What people can do on their own is considered the level of actual development. This is what intelligence tests usually measure.
The level of potential development is what a person can do with the help from another person.
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